基于奥马哈系统的养老机构失能老人健康问题的评估

摘要

Objective To evaluate the health problems existed in the disabled elderly in nursing homes in Zhejiang province and assess the knowledge, behavior and status of each existed health problem. Methods By cross-sectional study, a total of 50 disabled elderly in four nursing homes in Zhejiang province were assessed. Results The common health problems of the disabled elderly in nursing homes were personal care, oral health, social contact, physical activity, vision, neuro-musculo-skeletal function, mental health, cognition, medication regimen, and pain. Among the common health problems, the knowledge, behavior and status in personal care, oral health, mental health, and pain were more severer than others. Conclusions A lot of health problems exist among the disabled elderly in nursing homes. A comprehensive and targeted care should be used to improve patients′health.%目的：了解浙江省养老机构失能老人现存的健康问题及对健康问题的认知、行为、状态的现状。方法通过横断面调查研究的方法，采取方便抽样的原则对浙江省4家养老机构的50名失能老人进行评估。结果养老机构失能老人在环境、心理社会、生理、健康相关行为4个领域中较为常见的健康问题有个人照顾、口腔卫生、社交、身体活动、视觉、神经肌肉骨骼功能、精神健康、认知、药物治疗方案、疼痛。在这些常见健康问题中，失能老人的认知、行为、状态较为突出的是个人照顾、口腔卫生、精神健康、疼痛。结论养老机构失能老人现存的健康问题很多，需要更全面且具有针对性的照护以改善其健康现状。