慢性荨麻疹患者过敏原皮肤点刺法检测结果分析

摘要

目的：分析和探讨慢性荨麻疹患者的主要过敏原及预防措施。方法：75%酒精局部消毒后，将18种常见的过敏原点刺液(10种吸入性和8种食入性)、阴性对照液(生理盐水)和阳性对照液(组胺)依次滴于患者前臂屈侧皮肤上，用特制的点刺针刺破表皮，观察皮肤反应。结果：232例慢性荨麻疹患者中，阳性结果208例，阳性率达89.66%；吸入性过敏原中粉尘螨(53.85%)和户尘螨(47.60%)阳性率最高，食入性过敏原中海蟹(10.10%)和海虾(8.65%)阳性率最高；其中(+++)、(++++)者13例，均为尘螨过敏。结论：过敏原是慢性荨麻疹的主要诱因之一，避免接触过敏原或降低过敏原浓度，能有效预防慢性荨麻疹的发作，并减轻症状。%Objective:Analyze and explore allergens in patients with chronic urticaria distribution and preventive measures. Methods:75%alcohol after local disinfection, the 18 kinds of common prick solution (10 kinds of inhaled and ingested eight kinds)、negative control solution (saline) and positive control solution (histamine) followed by drops in patients with forearm flexor side of the skin, prick with a special needle broke the skin, the skin reaction was observed. Results:232 cases of chronic urticaria patients, positive results 208 cases, the positive rate was 89.66%;Inhalation of dust mite allergens (53.85%) and house dust mites (47.60%) the highest positive rate, ingested allergens in crabs (10.10%) and shrimp (8.65%) the highest positive rate;Which (+++)、(++++) in 13 cases, both dust mite allergy . Conclusion:Allergens are one of the main cause of chronic urticaria, avoid contact with allergens or lower allergen concentrations, can effectively prevent the onset of chronic urticaria, and to alleviate the symptoms.