青年卒中与中老年卒中的病因分型及危险因素比较#

摘要

Objective: To compare the etiology classification features and related risk factors of youth and middle aged stroke. Methods:This was a retrospective collection,including 100 Young stroke patients cases (18 to 45 years old) and 100 cases old stroke patients (45 years old and above) as a random sample hospitalized in general statistics (age, gender, hemorrhagic/ischemic, paralysis) and medical history, personal history.Results:The main cause of the two groups was artery atherosclerotic stroke (respectively 31 cases, 30.7%, 51 cases, 50.5%), In young stroke other causes (5 cases, 5%) and unknown causes stroke (2 cases, 2%) were higher than in old group (0, 0%, 0, 0%). While small artery occlusive stroke (1 case, 1%) and cardiac stroke (2 cases, 2%) were lower than in old group (3 cases, 3%; 6 cases, 5.9%).Conclusion:In the young group, major risk factor were hypertension, drinking, smoking, hyperlipidemia, high homocysteine, diabetes, past history of stroke, heart disease.The incidence of high homocysteine levels was higher than in old group,and the incidence of hypertension, diabetes, coronary arteriosclerotic cardiopathy in old group were higher than in young group.%目的：比较青年卒中和中老年卒中患者的病因分型及危险因素。方法：回顾性收集首都医科大学中国康复研究中心神经康复科住院青年卒中（18～45岁）患者100例的病历资料，并随机抽取同期住院的中老年卒中（45岁及以上）患者100例，进行入院时一般情况统计（年龄、性别、出血性/缺血性、瘫痪部位）及既往病史、个人史。结果：两组的主要病因均为大动脉粥样硬化性卒中（分别为31例，30.7%；51例，50.5%），青年组其它原因卒中（5例,5%）及不明原因卒中（2例，2%）均高于中老年组（0例，0%；0例，0%）。而青年组小动脉闭塞性卒中(1例，1%)及心源性卒中（2例，2%）均低于中老年组（3例，3%；6例，5.9%）。结论：青年组的主要危险因素依次为：高血压、饮酒、吸烟、高脂血症、高同型半胱氨酸血症、糖尿病、既往卒中病史。青年组高同型半胱氨酸血症的发病率高于中老年组，高血压、糖尿病、冠心病等发病率中老年组高于青年组。