上呼吸道感染后嗅球体积与嗅觉功能的相关性

摘要

目的 分析上呼吸道感染后嗅觉功能障碍患者的嗅球体积与嗅觉功能的相关性.方法 25例因上呼吸道感染而致嗅觉功能障碍的患者(患病组)纳入研究,其中14例嗅觉功能丧失,11例嗅觉功能减退.以25名年龄相匹配的健康志愿者作为对照组.两组均接受Sniffin Sticks嗅觉功能测试及3D MRI.患病组中11例于2～6个月后复查嗅觉功能及MRI.结果 与对照组相比,患病组双侧嗅球体积显著减小(P均＜0.05).患病组中,嗅觉丧失患者的嗅球体积小于嗅觉减退者(P＜0.05).11例复查患者中,4例嗅觉功能好转,嗅球体积较前增大；7例嗅觉功能及嗅球体积无明显变化.结论 嗅球体积与嗅觉功能具有相关性；上呼吸道感染后嗅球体积减小可以反映嗅觉障碍的程度.%Objective To analyze the correlation between olfactory bulb (OB) volume and olfactory function in post-infectious (upper respiratory tract infection) patients with olfactory dysfunction. Methods Totally 25 post-infectious patients with olfactory dysfunction (case group) were recruited in this study, among which 14 manifested as anosmia and 11 manifested as hyposmia. And 25 matched healthy volunteers were recruited as control group. Sniffin' Sticks olfactory function test and 3D MRI were performed in all subjects. In the case group, 11 patients were examined by olfactory function test and 3D MRI after 2-6 months. Results Compared with control group, bilateral OB volume significantly decreased in the case group (all P＜0. 05). The OB volume of anosmia patients was smaller than that of hyposmia patients (P＜0. 05). Of 11 followed-up patients, 4 showed increased OB volume and olfactory function, and the other 7 showed no significant changes of OB volume and olfactory function. Conclusion The OB volume is correlated with olfactory function. The reduced OB volume may reflect the degree of the dysosmia in patients with upper respiratory tract infection.