对于赠卵的伦理学思考

摘要

The birth and development of oocyte donation technology have brought hope for women with poor ovarian reserve and repeated failure for in vitro fertilization,as well as for those with chromosomal abnormalities,premature ovarian failure,or at perimenopausal or menopausal stages.It has not only preserved their reproductive right,but also stabilized their families and increased social harmony.However,this technology does not only involve infertile couples themselves,but also social and ethical issues concerning their families and the society.This paper has reviewed and discussed the hot issues concerning oocyte donation,e.g.,source of eggs,compensation for donors,prerequisites for recipients and donors,privacy of donors,and made suggestions for further improvement for the administration of oocyte donation.%卵子捐赠技术的诞生和发展,为卵巢储备功能低下、反复体外授精失败的患者带来了福音,亦为染色体异常、卵巢早衰、围绝经期和绝经期的高龄妇女带来了生育的希望,不仅维护了她们的生育权,更有利于家庭的稳定和社会的和谐.然而,该技术的实施不仅涉及不孕症夫妇本人,还涉及其家庭、社会以及后代等方面的社会伦理及道德问题.本文就赠卵相关的伦理学热点问题如卵子来源、赠卵者补偿、赠受者条件以及后代告知等进行系统回顾和探讨,并提出了进一步完善管理的对策和建议.