三位一体:中国海事行政案件范围界定研究

摘要

《最高人民法院关于海事法院受理案件范围的规定》理顺了中国海事行政案件的范围.结合该解释,中国海事行政案件可从行政主体标准、行为标准,以及利害关系标准三方面加以界定,即:在判断案件的一方当事人是否为适格海事行政主体的基础上,分析引发纠纷的行为是否属于具体海事行政行为或者海事行政不作为;若属于,再分析当事人的损失与海事行政主体的行为之间是否存在利害关系,如果存在,该案件便可纳入海事行政案件之列.%Provisions of the Supreme People's Court on the Scope of Cases to Be Accepted by Maritime Courts straightened out the scope of maritime administrative cases in China.According to the judicial interpretation,maritime administrative cases in China can be defined by the criteria of administrative subject,conduct and interest,i.e.,judging first whether one party is qualified as maritime administrative subject;then analyzing whether the conduct causing disputes is a specific maritime ad-ministrative act or maritime administrative omission,if it is,considering whether there is interest between the loss of the party and the conduct of maritime administrative subject,and supposing that interest does exist,the case could be identified as a maritime administrative case.