目的 探讨RON mRNA及其变异体在膀胱肿瘤组织中的表达与临床意义。方法选择63例膀胱移行上皮癌(TCCB)、7例膀胱内翻性乳头状瘤(IPB)、9例膀胱低度恶性潜能尿路上皮瘤(PUNLMP)患者和12例外伤性膀胱破裂且经病理证实无肿瘤细胞的正常膀胱黏膜组织患者。其中，病理Ⅰ、Ⅱ和Ⅲ级患者分别为30、15和18例，临床Tis+ T1和T2 +T3 +T4期患者分别为44例和15例；用实时荧光定量RT-PCR检测其RON mRNA相对表达量，以GAPDH mRNA为内标物，用RONmRNA/GAPDH mRNA比值表示RON mRNA相对表达量；用RT-PCR检测RON mRNA选择性剪切形成的变异体；用测序检测PCR产物中可能存在的变异体，并分析变异体在不同组织间及TCCB中不同病理分级及临床分期间阳性表达率的差异。结果RON mRNA在TCCB、IPB、PUNLMP及正常膀胱黏膜组织中均见阳性表达，其RON mRNA/GAPDH mRNA比值分别为4.9×10-3(1.8×10-3 ～1.0× 10-2)、3.8×10-3（2.4×10-3～1.7×10-2）、4.9×10-3（1.7×10-3～1.1 ×10-2）、1.0×10-3(4.5×10-4 ～2.8×10-3)，且不同组织间的表达差异均有统计学意义(x2K-W= 17.278，P＜0.05)；RON mRNA/GAPDH mRNA比值在TCCB病理Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ级分别为3.7×10-3(1.3×10-3 ～7.5×10-3)、4.9×10-3（1.9X10-3～1.1 ×10-2）、8.9×10-3(2.7×10-3～8.0×10-2)，且差异有统计学意义(x2K-W=7.341,P＜0.05)；RON mRNA/GAPDH mRNA比值在TCCB临床Tis+ T1、T2 +T3 +T4期分别为3.5×10-3（1.2×10-3 ～7.7×10-3）、9.7× 10-3（2.9×10-3～5.3 ×10-2），差异也有统计学意义（Z= -2.306,P＜0.05）。但正常膀胱黏膜组未发现RON mRNA变异体，而在膀胱肿瘤组织中外显子11剪切缺失(E11△)的阳性表达率为70％( 55/79)。在TCCB、IPB、PUNLMP中E11△阳性表达率分别为71％ (45/63)、57％ (4/7)、67％ (6/9)，而不同病理组织中的E11△阳性表达率差异无统计学意义(x2=0.620,P＞0.05)；在不同TCCB病理分级和临床分期中其阳性率差异亦无统计学意义（Z值分别为0.221、0.538，P均＞0.05）。发现1种正常黏膜组织中没有的新变异体，即RON基因外显子的3 476～3 539 bp剪切缺失形成的变异体(E3 476 ～3 539△)。膀胱肿瘤组织中E3 476～3 539△的阳性表达率为56％ (44/79)，在TCCB、IPB、PUNLMP中E 3 476 ～3 539△的阳性表达率分别为57％( 36/63)、43％ (3/7)、56％ (5/9)，但各病理组织间的阳性率差异无统计学意义(x2=0.517，P＞0.05)；在TCCB不同病理分级和临床分期中其阳性率分别为40％ (12/30)、67％ (10/15)、78％ (14/18)、48％(21/44)、80％ (12/15)，差异有统计学意义（Z值分别为7.285、5.041,P均＜0.05）。结论 RONmRNA的表达与TCCB病理分级及临床分期相关，RON可能在TCCB发生发展的过程中发挥重要作用；在正常膀胱黏膜中未见RON mRNA剪切形成的变异体，而在膀胱肿瘤组织中都有不同程度的表达；E 3 476～3 539△的表达与TCCB病理分级及临床分期相关，RON mRNA变异体可能参与了膀胱肿瘤的发生。%Objectives To explore the clinical significance of tyrosine kinase receptor RON mRNA expression and it's splicing variant in bladder tumors. Methods Sixty-three cases of transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder (TCCB), including 30 cases of pathological grade I , 15 cases of pathological grade Ⅱ and 18 cases of pathological grade Ⅲ (44 cases of clinical stage Tis + T1, 15 cases of T2 + T3 +T4), 7 inverted papilloma of the bladder ( IPB), 9 cases of papillary urothelial neoplasm of low malignant potential (PUNLMP) and 12 cases of normalbladder mucosa RT-PCR was employed with the internal standard (GAPDHmRNA) to detect the expression of RON mRNA. PCR and direct sequencing was then utilized to identify the potential RON mRNA splicing variants. Finally, the variants' positive rates of expression were analyzed among the different tissues, diverse TCCB pathological grades and clinical stages. Results The expression levels of RON mRNA/GAPDH mRNA among TCCB, IPB, PUNLMP and normal control were 4. 9 × 10-3 ( 1. 8 × 10-3-1.0 × 10-2 ), 3. 8 × 10-3 (2. 4 × 10-3-1.7 × 10-2 ), 4. 9 ×10 -3 ( 1.7 × 10 -3-1.1 × 10 -2 ) and 1.0 × 10-3 (4. 5 × 10-4-2. 8 × 10-3 ) respectively. The difference had a statistical significance (x2K-W = 17. 278 ,P ＜0. 05 ). The expression levels among pathological grade I, Ⅱ and Ⅲ were 3.7 × 10-3( 1.3 × 10-3-7.5 × 10-3) , 4. 9 × 10-3(1.9 × 10-3-1.1 × 10-2) and 8.9 × 10-3(2. 7 ×10 -3-8.0 × 10 -2 ) respectively. The erpression levels among the clinical stage Tis + T1 and T2 + T3 + T4were 3.5 × 10-3 ( 1.2 × 10 -3-7. 7 × 10-3 ) and 9. 7 × 10 -3 ( 2. 9 × 10-3-5. 3 × 10-2 ). The differences between expression levels were of statistical significance among the different pathological grades ( x2k-W =7. 341, P ＜0. 05 ) and clinical stages ( Z = - 2. 306, P ＜ 0. 05 ). The positive rates of exon 11deletion(E11△) in TCCB, IPB and PUNLMP were 71％ (45/63), 57％ (4/7) and 67％ (6/9) respectively, andthe total positive rate in bladder tumor tissues was 70％. Meanwhile, expression of the novel RON variant wesnot detected in the normalbladder mucosa. The positive expression rate of E1 1△ has no significant correlationamong the different clinical pathological tissues (x2 = 0. 620, P ＞ 0. 05 ). There was no statistical significancein expression positive rate between different pathological grades ( Z =0. 221, P ＞0. 05 ) and clinical stages( Z = 0. 538, P ＞ 0. 05) as well. A novel RON splice variant, deletion of RON exon 11 3 476 - 3 539 ( E3476 -3539△) was fond in the pathological tissue. The positive expression rates of E3 476 -3 539 in TCCB,IPB and PUNLMP were 57％ (36/63), 43％ (3/7) and 56％ (5/9) respectively, and the total positive expression rate was 56％ (44/79). The positive rates of E3 476 -3 539△ in pathological grade I , Ⅱ and Ⅲ were 40％ ( 12/30), 67％ (10/15) and 78％ (14/18), and it's positive rates in clinical stage Tis +T1and T2 +T3 + T4 were 48％ (21/44) and 80％ (12/15). The differences in each group had significantly statistical significance ( Z = 7. 285, 5. 041, P ＜ 0. 05 ) . However, the positive rates amongdifferent pathological tissues had no significance (x2 = 0. 517, P ＞ 0. 05 ). Conclusions The expression level of RON mRNA is significantly associated with histological grading and clinical stage. RON may play an important role in the progression ofTCCB. Compared with the normal control, the increased RON variant expression may contribute to the carcinogenesis of the bladder tumor.
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