儿童神经发育性疾病分子诊断技术应用进展

摘要

Neurodevelopmental disorders(NDD)is a spectrum of disorders characterized with impaired development of the neuropsychological system and /or functional insufficiency in children.The etiology of NDD is still secure though genetic defects are known to be closely associated with development and prognosis of NDD.Recently, the diagnostic yield of NDD is significantly enhanced along with the application of high-throughput genomic analysis including chromosomal microarray analysis(CMA), target sequencing,and whole exome sequencing(WES)in clinical practice.In view of the high genetic heterogeneity and significant expression variability of NDD, it′s preferred to perform an integrated genetic analysis with multiple molecular diagnostic platforms in a standard workflow for patients with NDD.What′s more,an expert consensus and/or technological guideline for molecular diagnostics of NDD generated from large-scale multi-center studies on cohorts of Chinese patients with NDD is crucial for improvement of healthcare for patients with NDD in China.%儿童神经发育性疾病(NDD)是一组以神经系统发育障碍/功能不完善、从而出现一系列临床症状和体征为特征的临床综合征.NDD与遗传缺陷密切相关,近几年来,随着染色体芯片分析、靶向测序、全外显子组测序等高通量分子诊断技术的推广应用,NDD分子诊断率显著提高.鉴于NDD的高度遗传异质性和表型高可变性,在NDD的分子诊断工作中须灵活发挥各种分子诊断技术的优势、形成相应的标准化检测流程.在大规模、多中心研究的基础上形成专家共识和(或)技术指南并在临床推广,进一步推进分子诊断技术在NDD临床诊疗工作中的应用.