Objective To discuss the effect and safety about large dosage of tilofiban injection into coronary artery in patients with ST-segment elevated myocardial infarction (STEMI) undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Methods A prospective study was conducted. Two hundred and eighteen patients with STEMI admitted into Cardiology Department of Taizhou Central Hospital were enrolled. According to the difference in dosage, they were divided into a large dosage tilofiban group (102 cases) and a routine dosage tilofiban group (116 cases). In both groups, they received the injection of load dosage of tilofiban into coronary artery during they underwent primary PCI, the load dosage being 25μg/kg in the large dosage group, and 10μg/kg in the routine dosage group. Afterwards, the dosage was kept on 0.15μg·kg-1·min-1 in both groups lasting for 18-24 hours. The flow of thrombolysis in myocardial infarction (TIMI) immediately after PCI, the return of ST-segment after operation for 2 hours, the rate of bleeding events, the rate of major adverse cardiac event [MACE, including death, re-infarction and target vessel revascularization (TVR)] and prognosis after operation for 30 days were observed. Results The ratios of the immediate reflow of TIMI 3 grade after operation and the return of ST-segment after operation for 2 hours in the large dosage tirofiban group were higher than those in the routine dosage tirofiban group [the ratio of the reflow of TIMI 3 grade:92.16%(94/102) vs. 81.90%(95/116), the ratio of the return of ST-segment after operation for 2 hours:89.22%(91/102) vs. 73.28%(85/116), both P < 0.05]. The ratios of re-infarction, TVR and the total MACE in 30 days after operation in large dosage tirofiban group were lower than those in the routine dosage tirofiban group [re-infarction: 0.98% (1/102) vs. 2.59% (3/116), TVR: 0.98% (1/102) vs. 2.59% (3/116), total MACE: 1.96% (2/102) vs. 6.03% (7/116), all P < 0.05]. There were no statistically significant differences in mortality and the bleeding events between the large dosage tirofiban group and routine dosage tirofiban group [mortality:0 (0/102) vs. 0.86%(1/116), bleeding events:1.96%(2/102) vs. 0.86%(1/116), both P>0.05]. Conclusion The injection of a large dosage of tilofiban into a coronary artery in patients with STEMI undergoing primary PCI is an effective and safe method to allow them to get more clinical benefits.%目的：探讨冠状动脉（冠脉）内应用大剂量替罗非班在急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死（STEMI）患者行直接经皮冠脉介入治疗（PCI）时的疗效和安全性。方法采用前瞻性研究方法，选择浙江省台州市中心医院心内科收治的STEMI患者218例，按替罗非班的使用剂量分为大剂量替罗非班组（102例）和常规剂量替罗非班组（116例）。两组均在行直接PCI时经冠脉内给予负荷量替罗非班，其中大剂量组负荷量为25μg/kg，常规剂量组负荷量为10μg/kg，然后均以0.15μg·kg-1·min-1维持18～24 h。观察PCI术后即刻心肌梗死溶栓治疗（TIMI）血流、术后2 h ST段回落情况、出血事件发生率、术后30 d主要不良心血管事件〔MACE，包括死亡、再梗死、靶血管血运重建（TVR）〕发生率及预后。结果大剂量替罗非班组PCI术后即刻恢复TIMI 3级血流、术后2 h ST段回落率均高于常规剂量替罗非班组〔TIMI 3级血流：92.16%（94/102）比81.90%（95/116），术后2 h ST段回落率：89.22%（91/102）比73.28%（85/116），均P＜0.05〕，30 d内再梗死、TVR、总MACE事件的发生率均明显低于常规剂量替罗非班组〔再梗死发生率：0.98%（1/102）比2.59%（3/116），TVR：0.98%（1/102）比2.59%（3/116），总MACE事件发生率：1.96%（2/102）比6.03%（7/116），均P＜0.05〕，大剂量替罗非班组和常规剂量替罗非班组病死率〔0（0/102）比0.86%（1/116）〕、总出血发生率〔1.96%（2/102）比0.86%（1/116）〕比较差异均无统计学意义（均P＞0.05）。结论冠脉内应用大剂量替罗非班对于STEMI患者行直接PCI治疗是安全有效的，可为STEMI患者带来更多的临床获益。
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