目的 寻找一种简单、准确的方法建立动脉的不同剪切力动物模型,为研究剪切力在心血管系统中的作用及机制奠定基础.方法 30只SD大鼠随机分为3组,即颈总动脉结扎组、股动静脉吻合组和髂总动脉结扎组,每组又分为手术组和假手术组(对照组),利用多普勒超声仪检测手术前后动脉血流,估算血流剪切力的变化.利用免疫荧光组织化学法检测不同剪切力下血管内皮eNOS的表达情况.结果 颈总动脉结扎法大鼠死亡率高;股动静脉吻合法手术耗时长,且因动脉太小不易测得股动脉血流;单侧髂总动脉结扎手术可以使双侧髂总动脉分别形成不同血流剪切力.单侧髂总动脉结扎术后,结扎侧髂总动脉内皮eNOS免疫反应性减弱,而结扎对侧eNOS免疫反应性增强.结论 单侧髂总动脉结扎手术简单易操作,髂总动脉血流速度通过多普勒超声仪可获得,是制作不同剪切力动物模型的最佳方法.%Objective To explore a simple and easy method of establishing animal models of different shear stress in the arteries for purpose of studying the role of shear stress in the cardiovascular system and its mechanism.Methods 30 SD rats were randomly divided into three groups,the common carotid artery ligation (CCAL) group,femoral artery-vein anastomosis (FAVA) group and common iliac artery ligation (CIAL) group.Each group was further divided into an operation group and a sham operation group (control group).The arterial blood flow was detected before and after operation by Doppler ultrasound,and the change in blood flow shear stress estimated.The expression of eNOS in vascular endothelium under different shear stress was detected by immunofluorescence histochemistry.Results The mortality rate was high in CCAL group.FAVA was time-consuming,and the blood flow was not easy to measure in the narrow femoral artery.Unilateral CIAL generated different blood flow shear stress in bilateral common iliac arteries,after which the immunoreactivity of eNOS in the endothelium of the ligated common iliac artery decreased while that of the contralateral iliac artery increased.Conclusion Unilateral CIAL is simple and easy to perform.The blood flow velocity in the common iliac artery is measurable by Doppler ultrasound.Therefore unilateral CIAL is the optimum method of establishing animal models of different shear stress.
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