Objective To evaluate the effect of laparoscopic cystectomy on ovarian reserve in patients with diverse benign ovarian cysts by investigating the serum anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) level before and after operation.Methods A total of 46 patients who underwent laparoscopic cystectomy due to unilateral ovarian cyst from April 2014 to April 2015 were recruited in this retrospective analysis. All patients were divided into endometrioma group and nonendometrioma group by pathological types. The surgery hemostatic method was bipolar electrocoagulation. 25 females in the same age were selected as the normal control group (NCG). Serum AMH levels were measured before operation and at 3 days, and 6 months follow-up visit afterwards.Results There were no signiifcant differences between nonendometrioma group and NCG in terms of serum AMH levels before operation. Serum AMH level was found to be lower in endometrioma group than that in nonendometrioma group and NCG before operation. Serum AMH level was found to be lower in both nonendometrioma group and endometrioma group after operation, AMH more markedly declined in endometrioma group at postoperative 3 days. At 6 months postoperatively, AMH levels were found to be similar between two groups.Conclusion Laparoscopic cystectomy could impair the ovarian reserve to some extent in patients with ovarian cysts in the immediate future and the effects could be related with the pathological patterns. The influence seems to be more obvious in patients with endometrioma.%目的：通过检测手术前后卵巢良性囊肿患者血清抗苗勒管激素（AMH）水平的变化，探讨腹腔镜下囊肿剔除术对卵巢储备功能的影响。方法选取2014年4月—2015年4月因单侧良性卵巢囊肿行腹腔镜下卵巢囊肿剔除术的46例患者，根据术后病理将患者分为巧囊组（n=23）、非巧囊组（n=23），术中创面止血采用双极电凝法。同时选取25例正常育龄妇女为对照组。于术前2 d及术后3 d、6个月检测AMH水平。结果术前非巧囊组与对照组血清AMH水平比较，差异无统计学意义（P﹥0.05），而巧囊组AMH水平明显低于非巧囊组及对照组（P﹤0.05）；术后3 d两组AMH水平均较术前明显下降，其中巧囊组下降更为明显；术后6个月非巧囊组和巧囊组AMH水平与术前相比差异均无统计学意义。结论腹腔镜下卵巢良性囊肿剥除术对卵巢储备功能会产生不同程度的近期损害，与卵巢囊肿病理类型有关，对内异囊肿患者影响尤为明显。
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