以生产者行为理论为基础,从生产成本、价格和市场需求三方面分析影响短缺基本药物生产的原因,为保障基本药物生产供应提供建议.研究发现制约短缺基本药物生产的主要原因是原料药市场缺乏针对性管制,生产成本攀升；“双信封”制度评标体系产生药价虚低；基层医疗机构的患者流失以及医院的“以药补医”制度限制基本药物的市场份额.建议规范原料药市场,定点生产稀缺原料药；完善“双信封”技术标评价体系；采取切实措施,鼓励患者到基层医疗机构就医以及缓解“以药补医”制度对基本药物市场需求的影响.%Explore the reasons for the shortage of low-cost essential medicines in production costs, price and market demand based on theory of generator behavior, and make recommendations on guaranteeing production and supply of fewer essential medicines. Through the research, we found the main reason is the bulk drugs market lacks targeted policy management, and the production cost is rising. Essential medicines prices are too low for the " Double envelope" system. Patient in the primary medical institutions is reduced, and essential medicines sale is declining in hospitals for the economic incentives of " Drug-maintaining-medicine". We make recommendations that the bulk drugs market shall be regulated, while the fewer bulk drugs could be produced in the designated area. Evaluation system of "Double envelope" system must be improved. We shall take practical measures to encourage patients to seek medical advice in the primary medical institutions, and alleviate the impact of " Drug-maintaining-medicine" policy on the market demand of essential medicines.
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