药品价格指数的方法学综述

摘要

Objective:To review methodology of medicine price index methodology and provide methodological implications for empirical researches. Methods:Based on the recent original home and abroad researches, the price index formulas, the medicine product definition, price and quantity units were introduced in this paper together with their merit/demerit and different selections’ measurement bias. Results: The measurement results were significantly different along with selections of the different weighted price index formulas. The medicine product definition and the price/quantity units in the formulas were different as well. By taking into account the new products entry and the ol-der ones exit updating issue, and by considering the products quality changes issue can also have an important empir-ical implication for the price measurement. Conclusions:The medicine price index methods need to be deeply devel-oped and the researchers should devote to further research and perform accurate measurement. In the empirical analy-sis, researchers can use different methods to measure the medicine price index in order to more accurately reflect the medicine price level change.%目的：：综述药品价格指数的研究方法，为药品价格指数实证研究提供方法学借鉴。方法：以近年来的国内外研究文献为基础，从指数方法(公式)、药品产品的定义、价格和数量计量单位三个方面进行综述，并对选择不同方法的优缺点以及测量偏倚进行评析。结果：价格指数的结果会随着指数公式所选择的权重、产品的定义以及价格和数量计量单位的不同而不同。在指数公式的选择中是否考虑了新产品上市和老产品退市的产品更新换代问题以及产品的质量变化问题等同样会使得指数结果具有较大差异。结论：药品价格指数的研究方法还有待进一步研究完善，学术界应致力于对价格指数进行更深入的研究，以达到更精确的测量。在实证分析中尽可能采用多种方法进行计算，以更加准确地反映药品价格水平的变化。