北京市顺义区幼教人员手足口病知信行调查分析

摘要

Objective To investigate status on knowledge, attitude and behavior of Hand-foot-mouth disease (HFMD) for kindergartens teachers in Shunyi District, Beijing, and provide scientific evidence to constitute the prevenrive policy for HFMD to kindergarten.Methods A random sampling was used and 216 teachers were selected in 25 township in Shunyi District.Survey contents included questionnaires on knowledge, attitude and behavior of HFMD.Results The rates of awareness about HFMD symptom which of fever, hand-foot rash and oral herpes were 76.4％, 99.1％ and 85.6％, respectively.There were 65.7％ teachers who had known above three symptom.The rates of awareness about route of transmission of dung-mouth, contact transmission and airborne infection were 57.4％, 86.1％, 67.1％, respectively; there were 37.0％ teachers who knew above three routes of transmission.The rates about single belief held oorrectly in 10 belief were all higher than 90.0％, one held correctly in 10 beliefs were 83.8％.The rates about single behavior held correctly in 8 behavior were all higher than 92.0％, one held correctly in 8 behavior were 81.9％.The rates of knowledge awareness, attitude and behavior held correctly about HFMD for teachers who registered in the Education Commission and teachers with higher degrees were significantly higher than those held by non-registered kindergartens teachers and low education teachers.Conclusion There were more HFMD knowledge, attitude and behavior in kindergartens teachers in Shunyi District, but some teachers, especially the teachers who worked in kindergartens unregistered in the Education Commission had some understand for HFMD knowledge, and rates were low in correct held attitude and behavior, we should strengthen guidance to these teachers.%目的 了解北京市顺义区托幼机构教师手足口病知识、防控信念和日常行为现状,为制定托幼机构手足口病防控策略提供依据.方法 在全区25个乡镇中随机抽取托幼机构教师216名,进行手足口病有关知识、信念和行为的问卷调查.结果 对手足口病一般症状有发热、手足有皮疹和口腔出现疱疹的知晓率分为76.4%、99.1%和85.6%,有65.7%的教师完全知晓上述3类临床表现.粪口途径,密切接触病人的粪便、疱疹液和呼吸道分泌物,空气飞沫3种传播途径的知晓率分别为57.4%,86.1%和67.1%,完全知晓上述3种途径的占37.0%.10项防控信念调查中各单项信念正确持有的比率均在90.0%以上,各项均正确持有的比率为83.8%;8项日常行为调查中各单项行为正确持有率均高于92.0%,各项均正确持有的比率为81.9%.在教委注册的托幼机构教师、高学历教师手足口病知识知晓率、正确信念和行为持有率明显高于未在教委注册托幼机构教师和低学历教师.结论 顺义区托幼机构教师具有一定的手足口病防控知识和良好的防控信念行为,但部分教师尤其是在教委未注册托幼机构教师对手足口病基本知识认识存在误区,正确的信念和行为持有率较低.应加强指导.