上海市闵行区流动人口重点传染病知信行现状调查

摘要

目的 了解上海市闵行区流动人口肠道、肝炎、手足口病等重点传染病防治知信行现状,为有效提高流动人口传染病防治水平提供科学依据.方法 采用多阶段随机抽样方法抽取上海闵行区流动人口801人进行问卷调查.结果 调查对象平均知晓率为63.15％.乙肝知晓率最高,为93.63％,乙脑的易发人群、丙肝、传染病防治知识知晓率分别为61.67％、51.44％和57.43％；霍乱、甲肝、菌痢、手足口病、疟疾传播途径知晓率分别为43.57％、43.32％、41.32％、66.29％和50.31％；手足口病临床表现和肝炎包括戊肝的知晓率分别为38.83％和15.98％；调查对象答题得分21～95分,平均(62.05±13.22)分.不同年龄、文化程度、在沪居住时间和人均月收入调查对象得分差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).37.08％的调查对象对目前居住的环境表示不满意,62.30％认为成人需要接种疫苗；定期接受体检和经常参加体育锻炼比例分别为31.96％和39.45％.结论 流动人口对重点传染病的传播途径、传染病防治法以及手足口病临床表现、乙脑易发人群和肝炎包括丙肝、戊肝知晓率较低；流动人口正确的传染病防治正向态度和健康行为有待进一步形成.%Objective To learn KAP status of major infectious diseases among migrants in Minhang District of Shanghai, and provide evidence for improving work efficiency among migrants. Methods Multistage random sampling was used to recruit 801 migrants and self-designed questionnaire survey was conducted. Results Mean awareness rate of infectious diseases among migrants was 63.15%. The awareness rate of Hepatitis B was highest and accounted for 93. 63%. Awareness rates of susceptible population of Encephalitis B, Hepatitis C and control and prevention knowledge about infectious disease were 61.67% , 51.44% and 57.43%, respectively. Awareness rates of disease transmission route, including cholera, Hepatitis A, bacillary dysentery, hand-foot-mouth disease and malaria were 43.57%, 43.32%, 41.32% , 66. 29% and 50. 31% , respectively. Awareness rates of clinical symptoms of hand-foot-mouth disease and Hepatitis E were 38.83% and 15.98% , respectively. The total score of 19 questions among participants ranged from 21 to 95, and the mean was (62.05 ± 13.22). There was significant difference in different age, education level, years living in Shanghai and salary level (P < 0. 05). 37.08 % of the migrants were not satisfied with their living environment, 62.30% of them thought that vaccination was need among adults. The percentages of taking physical examination and physical exercise were 31. 96% and 39.45% , respectively. Conclusion Awareness rates of major disease transmission routes, clinical symptoms of hand-foot-mouth disease, susceptible population of Encephalitis B, Hepatitis C, and Hepatitis E were extremely low. Proper attitude and healthy behavior among migrants needs to be improved in future.