山西省医生、教师和公务员3类人群吸烟状况调查

摘要

Objective To investigate the smoking behavior,knowledge and attitudes of tobacco danger among doctors,teachers and civil servants in Shanxi Province,and provide evidence for formulating relevant policies and smoking control intervention.Methods A total of 3042 doctors,teachers and civil servants from 221 departments were investigated by a questionnaire survey by face-to-face method.Epi Data 3.0 was used for data inputting and SPSS 17.0 for data analy-sis.Results The smoking rate was 16.44% .The smoking rate of male (31.81%) was higher than that of female (0.34%). Civil servants smoking rates was highest (20.94%), followed by teachers (14.81%) and doctors (13.54%).Key areas of the secondhand smoke exposure were indoor smoking areas designated in workplace (67.65%), bathroom (56.79%),office (49.14%),corridor (48.89%),classroom (6.31%) and family (43.43%).The awareness of tobacco danger was low (62.51%).More than half smokers had failure experience on quit smoking because of lacking smoking cessation service.Conclusion The consciousness of smoking control were poorer,management in work-place was weak,quantity and service skills of smoking cessation service was low.It is necessary to strengthen smoking con-trol education for key crowds,to advocate civilization of no-smoking and no-sending smoke,and to control exposure of sec-ondhand smoke and improve service ability to quit smoking.%目的：了解山西省医生、教师和公务员3类人群吸烟行为、烟草危害知识与态度，为制定控烟干预策略提供科学依据。方法采用面对面自填问卷调查的方法，对山西省11市13县（市、区）221个单位3042名医生、教师和公务员进行了调查。统计分析采用 Epi Data 3.0软件进行数据录入，SPSS 17.0软件对数据资料进行统计分析。结果3类人群吸烟率为16.44％，其中男性吸烟率（31.81％）明显高于女性吸烟率（0.34％），公务员吸烟率最高（20.94％），其次为教师（14.81％）和医生（13.54％）；工作场所的室内指定吸烟区（67.65％）、洗手间（56.79％）、办公室（49.14％）、走廊（48.89％）、教室（6.31％）和家庭（43.43％）是二手烟暴露的主要地方；烟草危害认知度偏低（62.51％）；曾有超过半数的吸烟者尝试过戒烟，但均未成功，其原因是缺乏戒烟服务。结论重点人群的控烟意识较差，工作场所控烟监管力度薄弱，戒烟服务机构数量和服务技能跟不上。需进一步加强重点人群控烟教育，倡导不吸烟、不敬烟、不送烟的文明社会风尚；促进减少二手烟暴露，规范戒烟门诊，提高戒烟服务能力。