我国9省（市）3～18岁儿童青少年碳酸饮料消费现状分析

摘要

Objective To learn status of carbonated beverage consumption among children and adolescents aged 3 -18 years in nine provinces of China and provide scientific evidence for instruction on soft drinks consumption of children and youth .Methods Multi-stage stratified random sampling method was used and 2585 children of youth aged 3 -18 years among 9 provinces were selected in 2013.Consumption data were collected by using consecutive 3 day 24h recalls and one month food frequency survey.Results Differences of consumption were found among 3 -18 years old children and youth regarding to both amout and frequency in nine provinces.Subjectives in urban areas have higher consumption ratio of 45.1%than those in rural area (χ2 =19.529,P <0.01).Children aged 7 -13 years have the highest consumption frequency of 1 -3 times per week in view of soda drinks,which is around 45.4%.Children and youth in urban area consumed higher amount of carbonated beverage than those in rural area (P < 0.05 ), which is 31.4mL/d and 15.1mL/d respectively.Meanwhile,male subjectives drank more carbonated beverage than female subjectives (P <0.05),which is 28.8 mL/d and 19.5 mL/d respectively.The average amount of consumption was highest in subjectives from families at mid-dle income level,followed by that of families at high and low income levels,which were 19.7 mL/d,28.5 mL/d and 19.2 mL/d respectively.Conclusion The consumption of carbonated beverage manifested an increasing trend among children and youth in China .Subsequently,effective intervention measures should be applied to instruct children and youth to select and consume carbonated beverage wisely.%目的：了解我国9省（市）3～18岁儿童青少年碳酸饮料消费现状，为指导我国儿童青少年饮料合理消费提供科学依据。方法采用多阶段分层随机整群抽样方法，2013年在我国9个省（市）选取了2585名3～18岁儿童青少年；消费量数据采用非连续3d 24h 回顾法和食物频率法。结果我国9省（市）3～18岁儿童青少年碳酸饮料消费率和消费量存在差异。城市儿童青少年碳酸饮料消费率为45.1％，高于农村（χ2＝19.529， P ＜0.01），城市7～岁儿童青少年每周消费1～3次的频率最高，为45.4％。儿童青少年碳酸饮料平均消费量城市高于农村（P ＜0.05），分别为31.4 mL／d 和15.1 mL／d。男性平均消费量高于女性（P ＜0.05），分别为28.8 mL／d和19.5 mL／d。中等收入家庭儿童青少年碳酸饮料的消费量最高，高、中、低收入家庭平均消费量分别为19.7 mL／d、28.5 mL／d 和19.2 mL／d。14～18岁儿童青少年碳酸饮料消费量在不同收入家庭的差异有统计学意义。结论我国儿童青少年碳酸饮料消费呈上升趋势，建议尽早采取有效措施加以干预，引导儿童青少年合理选择和饮用饮料。