北京市居民家庭拥有健康测量工具情况调查

摘要

目的：了解北京市城乡、不同类型居民家庭限量盐勺、控油壶、体重计等8种健康测量工具的拥有情况。方法采用配额方便抽样的方法，在北京市16个区县选择居住半年以上、愿意配合调查的家庭作为被调查对象，对家中一名20～79岁成员进行面对面问卷调查，询问其家庭健康测量工具的配备情况。结果共获得有效问卷3297份。被调查者中，男性1624人（49.3％），女性1673人（50.7％）；平均年龄为（41.91±14.86）岁。8种健康测量工具中，体温计的家庭拥有率最高，为88.4％；限量盐勺、控油壶的家庭拥有率分别为69.0％和64.1％；视力表的拥有比例最低，仅为17.4％。48.8％的居民家庭拥有4种以上的健康测量工具，农村居民家庭拥有4种以上工具的比例低于城市和城镇（P ＜0.01）。没有20岁以下及50岁以上人口的家庭拥有4种以上健康测量工具的比例最低。既有20岁以下又有50岁以上人口的家庭拥有4种以上健康测量工具的比例最高，达55.1％。家中有50岁以上或20岁以下人口的家庭拥有4种以上健康测量工具的比例介于上述两者之间。结论居民家庭健康测量工具的配备因城乡、家庭类型而异，应通过提高农村人口、青壮年人群的健康意识增进居民利用健康测量工具促进健康的能力。%Objective To investigate the situation of possessing salt spoon,oil pot and other 6 kinds of health support tools among different types of households in Beijing.Methods By using the method of quota convenience sampling, 3297 households were selected from 16 districts of Beijing,invited one of the members aged 20 -79 years old to accept face to face investigation.Results 3297 participants,49.3% were male,50.7% were female.Mean age was 41.91 ±14.86 years old.Among 8 kinds of health support tools,thermometer was the most popular,88.4% of the households owned it.The rate of owning limited salt spoon and oil pot were lower (69.0%,64.1%),visual chart was the lowest (17.4%).48.8% of households had more than 4 kinds of health support tools,the proportions of households lived in city and town were higher than rural area (P <0.01).The households with all members aged 20 -50 years old had the fewest kinds of health support tools.The second fewer was the households with all members younger than 50 years old and at least one of them was younger than 20 years old.The households with members older than 50 years old and none of them younger than 20 years old were better.The households both had <20 years old and >50 years old members had the highest proportion of much more kinds of health support tools (55.1%).Conclusion The situation of owning health support tools were differ-ent between urban and rural areas,different types of family.The capacity to using health support tools should be improved a-mong the families witch all members were young adults,living in rural areas.