社区老年人群清晨高血压患病现况调查

摘要

Objective To investigate the prevalence of early morning hypertension in elderly popu‐lation .Methods A total of 5569 elderly early morning hypertension patients with their age ≥60 years were divided into hypertension group (n= 2572) and non‐hypertension group (n= 2997) . The patients in hypertension group were divided into 60 -69 years old group ,70 -79 years old group ,and ≥80 years old group while those in non‐hypertension group were also divided into 60-69 years old group ,70-79 years old group ,and ≥80 years old group .The prevalence of ear‐ly morning hypertension and its distribution characteristics were analyzed in the elderly patients . Results The prevalence of early morning hypertension was 33 .0% in the 5569 elderly patients . The systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure were significantly higher in female early morning hypertension patiens than in male early morning hypertension patients and the prevalence of isolated systolic hypertension was higher in male patients than in female patients of hyperten‐sion group .The prevatence of early morning hypertension wea significantly higher in female pa‐tients than in male patients (P=0 .000)and the prevalence of early morning hypertension was sig‐nificantly higher in 60-69 years old female patients than in 60 -69 years old male patients and in ≥ 80 years old male patients than in ≥80 years old female patients of non‐hypertension group (P=0 .000 ,P= 0 .001) .Conclusion Routine blood pressure measurement in the morning is a most effective and simple method to measure early morning hypertension .Elderly females should thus pay more attention to their early morning hypertension .%目的：了解老年人群清晨高血压患病现况。方法入选宁波市某社区年龄≥60岁的老年健康体检人群5569例，将有高血压的2572例分为：男性60～69岁组451例，70～79岁组364例，≥80岁组192例；女性60～69岁组946例，70～79岁组431例，≥80岁组188例。将非高血压2997例按上述方法分为：男性60～69岁组578例，70～79岁组448例，≥80岁组241例；女性60～69岁组773例，70～79岁组601例，≥80岁组356例。分析清晨高血压患病情况。结果5569例老年人群清晨高血压患病率为33．0％。女性收缩压／舒张压≥140／90 mm Hg （1 mm Hg＝0．133 kPa）者明显高于男性（28．3％ vs 17．6％，P＜0．01）；男性单纯收缩压≥140 mm Hg比例高于女性（70．6％ v s 57．6％，P＜0．01）。无高血压患者中，女性清晨高血压总患病率明显高于男性（22．5％ v s 16．9％，P＝0．000），60～69岁组女性清晨高血压患病率高于男性（ P＝0．000），而≥80岁组中男性患病率高于女性（ P＝0.001）。结论上午健康体检常规测量血压是发现清晨高血压最有效、简便的方法，老年女性更应关注清晨血压。