基于准地转垂直运动方程对Q矢量的进一步探讨

摘要

Q矢量是诊断大气大尺度垂直运动的重要物理量.在f平面近似下,从原始运动方程组出发可以推导出Q矢量以及相关的半地转Q矢量、非地转Q矢量和湿Q矢量等表达式,但这种传统的推导方法没有考虑大气准地转运动的属性.本文利用数学物理变换,直接从准地转ω方程出发推导出Q矢量及其相关表达式,从而克服了传统方法在大气准地转运动属性表达方面的缺陷,并进一步讨论了传统方法在Q矢量相关表达式推导和物理意义表达方面的不足.%Q-vector is an important physical quantity in diagnosing the vertical velocity based on the quasi-geostrophic ω -equation. Generally, Q-vector and its extension expressions, such as the semi-geostrophic-, ageostrophic- and moist Q-vectors, can be derived from the primitive equation set on the approximated /-plane. However, the atmospheric quasi-geostropic feature can not be considered in the traditional methods. In this paper, the Q-vectors and its extension expressions are derived from the quasi-geostrophic ω -equation directly in terms of the mathematical-physical transformation. Then, the deficiency of the traditional Q-vector derivation in physics is discussed.