Objective To evaluate the therapeutic effect of microwave ablation in combination with TACE for the treatment of primary liver carcinoma (PLC). Methods From Jan. 2004 to Dec. 2008, 63 PLC patients underwent ultrasound-guided microwave ablation (percutaneous or open) under general anesthesia. Repeated microwave ablation or TACE was used when an incompleted ablation or recurrence was found during postoperative regular follow-up. Results These 63 PLC patients have received a total of 82 sessions of microwave ablation procedure (1 to 5 sessions for each patient). There were 2 early postoperative deaths with a procedure-related mortality of 3.2%. At the end of the follow-up, 22 patients were alive and 38 died,and the other one was lost to follow-up. The survival rates in 1,2 and 3 years were 63.3%,42.1% and 26.5%, respectively, with a median survival of 20 months for all patients. The survival for PLC patients with early stage (TNM Ⅰ and Ⅱ) was significantly longer than that of advanced stage (TNM Ⅲ and Ⅳ). The 1,2 and 3 year's cumulative survival rate was 93.3%,86.7% and 65.0% respectively in those 15 cases with only single tumor and the diameter≤3 cm, which were significantly longer than that of other PLC patients. Of 23 patients with recurrence,9 had solitary tumor without lymphnode and distal metastases, for which the survival rates in 1,2 and 3 years were 100%,88.9%, and 35.6%, respectively, whereas in other recurrent patients the survival rates in 1,2 and 3 years were 21.4%, 10.7% and 0%, respectively(P< 0.01). Conclusions Ultrasound-guided microwave ablation in combination with TACE is effective for PLC patients with early stage. In recurrent PLC patients after ablation therapy with solitary tumor and no lymphnode and distal metastases the survival is significantly longer than that of the others.%目的 分析微波消融结合肝动脉栓塞化疗(transcatheter arterial chemoembolization,TACE)治疗原发性肝癌的疗效.方法 2004年1月至2008年12月,采用微波消融术治疗原发性肝癌患者63例.所有患者接受超声引导(经皮或经腹)消融治疗,疑有病灶消融不完全或复发者,再次行消融治疗或行TACE治疗.结果 本组63例患者分别接受1～5次消融治疗,共82例次.围手术期死亡2例,手术相关死亡率为3.2%.随访时间为2～54个月.随访患者中22例存活,38例死亡,1例失访.全组患者的中位生存期为19.0个月,其1年、2年和3年的累积生存率分别为63.3%、42.1%、26.5%.分层分析显示:(1)初治患者的中位生存期为20.0个月.(2)早期患者(Ⅰ期和Ⅱ期)患者的生存期要明显长于晚期(Ⅲ期和Ⅳ期)患者.(3)病灶单发且其直径≤3 cm的小肝癌患者1、2、3年的累积生存率分别为93.3%、86.7%和65.0%,均明显高于其他非小肝癌患者.(4)肿瘤复发组患者中,肝内仅有单个复发灶且没有淋巴结和远处转移者9例,其1年、2年和3年生存率分别为100%、88.9%和35.6%,其他14例复发患者的1、2、3年的生存率则分别为21.4%、10.7%和0%(P<0.01).结论 超声引导微波消融结合TACE是治疗肿瘤直径≤3 cm小肝癌患者的较好选择,其疗效与手术治疗效果接近;肿瘤复发患者中仅有单个复发病灶无淋巴结和远处转移者,其生存率要明显高于其他复发组患者.
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