系统生物学在医学研究中的应用

摘要

癌症、心血管疾病等复杂疾病的发生发展不是由单一遗传因素引起的，而是受多遗传因素的影响；除了遗传因素，还受很多环境因素的影响，是多个遗传因素和多个环境因素相互作用的结果。因此，本质上，复杂疾病是一种“系统”病，关于其预防、诊断和治疗以及对其的理解亦需要以“系统”的观点和方法来研究。近年来，高通量生物医学技术的迅猛发展为系统生物学的兴起奠定了数据基础，复杂网络理论以及信息学理论的发展亦为系统生物学的发展提供了坚实的方法学基础。近年来，系统生物学在医学研究中得到了广泛的应用，发挥着越来越重要的作用。本文将介绍系统生物学在理解、诊断和治疗疾病中的研究进展。%　　The formation and development of complex diseases such as cancer and cardiovascular disease are not resulted from the dysfunction of single genetic factor but multiple genetic factors. Besides the genetic factors, they also affected by environmental factors and could be the outcome of the complex network of genetic factors and environmental factors. Complex diseases are systems diseases and therefore should be studied based on the ideas and methods of systems science. In recent years, the high-throughput biology techniques provided data basis for the development of systems biology. Meanwhile, the rapid development of complex network theory provided methodology basis for systems biology. Recently, systems biology is increasingly and widely applied in medical sciences. In this review, we will give an introduction to the systems biology and its application in medicine.