2013年中国老年人睡眠时间分布及其与脑卒中的关系

摘要

Objective To explore the sleep duration among elderly in 2013 and the association with stroke. Method A total of 51 774 subjects over 60 years old were enrolled in this study, which were selected from the fourth chronic non-communicable disease and related factor surveillance conducted in 302 surveillance centers of China in 2013. Information was collected by face-to-face questionnaire interview. Plasma glucose was tested in local qualified laboratory. Blood lipid was detected in a national qualified laboratory. The prevalence and its 95%CI were calculated after a complex weighting on the sample. The multiple Logistic regression analysis was used to assess the association of sleep duration with stroke. Result Among elderly, the general sleep duration was (7.30±1.63) h/d. The proportion of insufficient sleeping ( < 7 hours) was 31.2%, and 12.7% of the elderly sleeping no more than 5 hours. The proportion of excessive sleeping ( ≥ 9 hours) was 18.5%, and 8.2% of the elderly sleeping 10 hours and more. The prevalence of stroke among elderly was 4.77% (95%CI: 4.18%~5.36%) and showed a U-shaped distribution with sleep duration. Compared with 7 hours sleep duration per day, sleep durations( ≤ 5 hours, 8 ~ 9 hours and ≥ 10 hours) were associated with stroke significantly (P < 0.05). The odds ratios (OR) were 1.41 (95%CI: 1.05 ~ 1.89), 1.33 (95%CI: 1.10 ~ 1.62) and 2.10 (95%CI: 1.63 ~ 2.70) respectively after adjusting age, gender, socioeconomic status and health status. Conclusion Both short and long sleep duration are associated with increased risk of stroke among elderly.%目的：了解中国老年人睡眠时间分布状况，并探讨睡眠时间与脑卒中的关系。方法2013年中国慢性病及其危险因素监测第四次现场调查在全国31个省（自治区、直辖市）和新疆生产建设兵团的302个县（区、团）开展，选取51774名≥60岁的人群为本研究对象。采用面对面调查的方法收集信息，血糖检测于当地通过性能验证合格的实验室进行，血脂于国家统一实验室检测。采用复杂加权方法计算率和构成比及95%CI，采用多因素 Logistic 回归模型检验入选研究对象每天平均睡眠时间和脑卒中的关系。结果我国60岁及以上老年人每天平均睡眠时间为（7.30±1.63）小时，睡眠时间不足（＜7小时）的比例为31.2%，其中12.7%的老年人睡眠时间≤5小时，睡眠时间过多（≥9小时）的比例为18.5%，其中8.2%的老年人睡眠时间≥10小时。我国老年人的脑卒中患病率为4.77%（95%CI：4.18%～5.36%），患病率随睡眠时间增加呈“U”形特征。调整年龄、性别、社会经济状况和健康状态等因素后，与每天7小时睡眠时间相比，睡眠时间≤5小时、8～9小时和≥10小时的 OR 分别为1.41（95%CI ：1.05～1.89）、1.33（95%CI ：1.10～1.62）和2.10（95%CI ：1.63～2.70），且关联具有显著性（P ＜0.05）。结论我国老年人睡眠时间过少和睡眠时间过多均与脑卒中患病存在关联。