四川省艾滋病高流行地区人类免疫缺陷病毒感染孕产妇社会支持与生命质量现状研究

摘要

Objective To study the social support and quality of life status among pregnant women living with HIV ,for setting policies and measures of prevention of mother to child transmission ( PMTCT ) in high HIV -prevalent areas of Sichuan province . Methods In 2014, questionnaire survey was conducted on 187 pregnant women living with HIV and 243 pregnant women living without HIV in Liangshan area .Results There were difference between pregnant women living with or without HIV in cultural degree , occupation ( P<0.05) ,the total and three dimensions of social support scores in pregnant women living with HIV were lower than those in pregnant women living without HIV (P<0.05),the GH,VT,SF、MH of quality of life scores in pregnant women living with HIV were lower than those in pregnant women living without HIV (P<0.05),the total quality of life and PF、RP、RE scores were higher than those living without HIV(P<0.05),the social support scores were relevant to quality of life in pregnant women living with HIV ,mainly RP,BP,SF,RE,MH (P <0.05).Conclusion In Liangshan area,pregnant women living with HIV have social demographic characteristics significantly ,there was a positive correlation between quality of life and social support , we should consider their own feeling experience to carry out PMTCT work effectively ,and improve their quality of life .%目的：研究了解四川省艾滋病高流行地区人类免疫缺陷病毒（ Human Immunodeficiency Virus ， HIV）感染孕产妇社会支持和生命质量现状。方法选取2014年凉山州HIV感染孕产妇187名和正常孕产妇243名为对照组进行问卷调查，对比分析两组孕产妇的社会支持和生命质量现状及其相关联因素。结果两组孕产妇在文化程度、职业等方面比较差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05），HIV感染孕产妇的社会支持总分和生命质量的健康总体自评（ GH）、躯体疼痛（ BP）、活力（ VT）、社会功能（ SF）、精神健康（ MH）领域中的得分低于对照组孕产妇（ P＜0.05）；但在生理功能（ PF）、生理职能（ RP）、情感职能（ RE）领域中的得分以及生命质量总分高于对照组孕产妇（P＜0.05），HIV感染孕产妇社会支持和生命质量主要与RP、BP、SF、RE、MH相关（P＜0.05）。结论凉山州HIV感染孕产妇的社会人口学特征明显，生命质量和社会支持具有相关性。