不同热分析方法研究B炸药的热分解

摘要

用差示扫描量热仪(DSC)、热重-微熵热重分析仪(TG-DTG)、动态真空安定性技术(DVST)和温度跃升傅里叶变换红外(T-Jump/FTIR)光谱测定法对B炸药在不同试验条件下的热分解行为进行了研究.结果表明,在50～400℃有一个吸热峰和放热峰,吸热峰与主体炸药TNT的熔化峰相一致,放热峰与主体炸药RDX的分解峰一致.在50～400℃有两个失重阶段,第一个失重阶段的失重量与主体炸药TNT的失重量一致,第二个失重阶段的失重量与主体炸药RDX一致,与DSC分析结果相符.B炸药在100℃/48 h下的产气量为0.43 mL/g,表明B炸药有好的热安定性.B炸药快速热裂解过程的含氮气相产物主要有NO、NH3、HCN和HONO.含碳气体产物主要有CO、CO2、HOCO和HCN.得到了这些产物相对摩尔浓度随时间变化的曲线.%The thermal decomposition behavior of composition B was investigated by using differential scanning calorimeter (DSC), thermogravimetric-differential thermal gravimetry analyzer (TG-DTG) , dynamic vacuum stability test (DVST) and temperature-jump/fourier transform infrared (T-Jump/FTIR) spectroscopy, respectively. The results showed that there was an endothermic and an exothermic peak between 50 - 400 ℃. The endothermic peak was in agreement with the peak of melting of TNT and the exothermic peak was in accordance with the decomposition peak of RDX. There were two mass loss stages over the temperature range from 50℃ to 400℃. The mass loss of the first and second stages approached the content of TNT and RDX, respectively, which was consistent with the results of DSC analysis. The amount of decomposition gases of composition B at 100°C for 48 h was 0. 43mL/g which showed composition B had a good thermal stability. The nitrogen-containing IR-active gas products were NO,NH3 , HCN and HONO. The carbon-containing gas products were CO,CO2 ,HOCO and HCN. The curves of mole concentration fraction of the main gaseous products vs time were obtained.