扩散张量成像(DTI)及其在视觉发育和弱视研究中的应用

摘要

Diffusion tensor imaging(DTI) is an efficient and noninvasive tool to investigate the characteristics and functions of white matter fiber tracts,and it can be used to study the relationship between the structure and function in the nervous system,the plasticity and damage repair of visual development,abnormalities of the white matters that relate to the visual pathways.Recently,the quantification of white matter fiber tracts from the lateral geniculate bodies to the occipital lobe visual cortex using DTI offers morphological information for the function and structure of the white matters during visual development.Some studies attempt to compare the DTI outcomes and tractography between amblyopic children and normal children so as to better display the variations of optic radiation in children with amblyopia,and to evaluate the relationship between structure and function of the white matters.DTI becomes an important supplementary research approach in these fields.This paper reviews the application of DTI in visual development and amblyopic eyes.%磁共振扩散张量成像(DTI )能非侵入性地观察脑白质纤维束的特性和功能变化,用于研究神经系统结构和功能的关系、视觉发育的可塑性及其损伤修复、弱视与视觉通路有关的脑白质结构和功能异常等.利用DTI可量化从外侧膝状体到枕叶视皮质等各个层次的脑白质纤维束,从形态学方面观察视觉发育与脑白质结构之间的关系;经对比弱视儿童和正常儿童DTI图像及束成像分析弱视儿童视放射的变化,探讨弱视与脑白质相关的结构和功能间的关系.DTI逐渐成为此研究领域重要的辅助手段,就DTI及其在视觉发育和弱视研究中的应用进行综述.