中性粒细胞在角膜真菌感染病程中的双相作用

摘要

Fungal keratitis is a corneal disease caused by fungal infection with high possibility of blindness,and the morbidity is being higher year by year.Both native immune and adaptive immune are included during antifungi process in which the fungi is killed by native immune especially by neutrophil.The neutrophil kill the fungi not only by oxygen-dependent and oxygen-independent way but also by the neutrophil extracellular traps which is discovered in recent years.The enzyme and reactive oxygen species(ROS) released by the neutrophil are included in the process of fungi killing.But those materials can cause tissue damage which may cause the scar or even corneal perforation.This review mainly focused on the mechanism how the neutrophil kill fungi and cause tissue damage.%真菌性角膜炎是由真菌引起的角膜感染性疾病,致盲率高,且近几年其发病率逐年升高.机体对真菌的免疫包括特异性免疫和非特异性免疫,其中中性粒细胞介导的非特异性免疫对真菌的杀伤起着关键性的作用,其中不仅包括氧依赖型和非氧依赖型的杀菌方式,还包括近些年发现的中性粒细胞胞外捕获的杀菌方式.中性粒细胞通过释放酶以及活性氧簇(ROS)起到杀灭真菌的作用,但这些物质在杀伤真菌的同时也会造成组织损伤、瘢痕形成甚至角膜穿孔.本文主要介绍中性粒细胞杀伤真菌以及造成组织破坏的机制.