Background Fungal keratitis has poor prognosis and high blinding rate,so it is vital to identify the risk factors that affect the treating outcome and prognosis of fungal keratitis.Objective This study was to evaluate the clinical outcome of fungal keratitis and identify the affecting factors.Methods This was a series cases-observational study.A total of 267 eyes of 267 patients with fungal keratitis were included in Henan Eye Institute during January 2013 to January 2014.Eye examinations were performed including slit-lamp microscope examination,corneal smears,confocal microscopy,fungal culture and identification.Combined anti-fungal drugs were topically used in all eyes for the initial treatment then the treating regimen were selected based on the susceptibility testing.corneal lesion resection combined with conjunctival flap transplantation,lamellar corneal transplantation or penetrating corneal transplantation was performed respectively on the patients with poor curative effect after drug treatment.The clinical prognosis of the patients was graded and the affecting factors for clinical outcome were evaluated.This study protocol complied with Helsinki Declaration and was approved by Ethic Committee of Henan Eye Hospital.Written informed consent was obtained from patients or guardians.Results One hundred and eighty-five eyes were cured by anti-fungal eye drops with the effective rate of 69.29％,and the inflammation was controlled in 60 eyes who received combination procedure of anti-fungal drugs with different surgeries,while 22 eyes lost visual function because of refractory glaucoma and final evisceration.The total clinical effective rate was 91.76％.Aspergillus and Fusarium spp.appeared to be the most common pathogenic fungi by drug sensitivity test.The keratitis caused by Aspergillus had lowest cure rate among different fungi (x2 =11.350,P =0.002) and the most poor clinical prognosis (H=31.285,P =0.013).The medication curative rate was 71.8％ in the patients with positive culture outcome,which was higher than 62.5％ in the patients with negative culture outcome (x2=8.75,P＜0.01).A significant difference was found in the medication curative rate and prognosis between the patients with ≥ 2 kinds of sensitive anti-fungal drugs and the patients with ＜2 kinds of sensitive anti-fungal drugs (77.5％ versus 52.3％,x2 =9.63,P＜0.01;H=24.281,P =0.021).Size of infiltration area,with or without hypopyon,number of sensitive drugs,and pathogenic fungi were significantly correlated with clinical outcome (all at P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions In vitro susceptibility testing can guide clinical drug treatment of fungal keratitis.Infiltration area ＞ 16 mm2,hypopyon ＞2 mm,resistance to those drugs in vitro and infection of Fusarium.spp or Aspergillus.spp are predictors of a poor outcome.%背景 真菌性角膜炎预后差,致盲率高,了解影响真菌性角膜炎预后的主要危险因素有助于选择适宜的干预手段,对改善真菌性角膜炎临床转归至关重要. 目的 研究真菌性角膜炎对不同治疗方法的临床预后及其影响因素.方法 采用系列病例观察研究设计,纳入2013年1月至2014年1月在河南省眼科研究所确诊的真菌性角膜炎患者267例267眼,所有患眼均行裂隙灯显微镜检查、激光扫描共焦显微镜检查、真菌培养及病灶标本药物敏感性试验.对所有患眼均先采用联合抗真菌药物疗法,然后根据药物敏感性试验结果调整药物治疗方案.如药物治疗效果不佳,则根据病情择行角膜病灶切除联合结膜瓣移植术、板层角膜移植术或穿透角膜移植术.对患眼的临床预后情况进行分级,分析患眼病情转归的影响因素. 结果 267眼真菌性角膜炎患者中,抗真菌药物治疗后痊愈者185眼,药物治愈率为69.29％;60眼药物治疗后根据病情选择不同的手术进行治疗,真菌感染病灶得到控制,22眼因难治性青光眼或最终行眼内容物摘除术而丧失视功能,临床总体治愈率为91.76％.真菌培养结果显示,曲霉菌和镰刀菌为常见致病真菌.与其他菌种感染性角膜炎相比,曲霉菌感染角膜炎药物治愈率最低,不同菌种感染角膜炎患者药物治愈率总体比较差异有统计学意义(x2=11.350,P=0.002).曲霉菌感染角膜炎患者临床预后最差,不同菌种感染性角膜炎的不同等级预后眼数总体比较差异有统计学意义(H=31.285,P=0.013).真菌培养阳性患者药物治愈率为71.8％,明显高于真菌培养阴性患者的62.5％,差异有统计学意义(x2=8.75,P＜0.01);敏感药物数≥2种的角膜炎患者药物治愈率为77.5％,敏感药物数＜2种的角膜炎患者药物治愈率为52.3％,差异有统计学意义(x2=9.63,P＜0.01);2个组间不同等级临床预后眼数分布比较差异有统计学意义(H=24.281,P=0.021).真菌性角膜炎的病灶面积＞16 mm2、前房积脓＞2 mm、药物敏感性试验敏感药物数＜2种及致病菌种为镰刀菌或曲霉菌均为影响真菌性角膜炎临床预后的危险因素(均P＜0.05).结论 体外药物敏感性试验能较好地指导真菌性角膜炎的临床药物治疗,病灶面积＞16 mm2、前房积脓＞2 mm、药物敏感性试验敏感药物数＜2种及致病菌种为镰刀菌或曲霉菌者预后较差.
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