痘苗病毒实验室获得性感染病例的状况及特征分析

摘要

Objective By analyzing the status and characteristics of vaccinia virus laboratory-acquired infections in the bibliographical information,this paper provides relevant recommendations and measures for prevention and control of vaccinia virus laboratory-acquired infections in China.Methods Choosing PubMed,Embase,Biosis and SCIE,SSCI,CPCI-S as well as CPCI-SSH covered by Web of Science as the data source,indexing the bibliography of vaccinia virus laboratory-acquired infections,this paper analyzes the information on whether to vaccinate,the occurrence time of symptoms,diseasedparts,symptom characteristics and the disease-causing reasons.Results The outcome shows that 52.9％ of the cases never get vaccinated,82.4％ engaged in vaccinia virus related researches never get vaccinated in 10 years,52.9％ get infected by the accidental needlestick in hands during the process of handling animal experiments,70.6％ of infections occur in the hands and having symptoms after being exposed with an average of 5.1 days.Conclusion Although it is still controversial that whether or not to be vaccinated before carrying out vaccinia virus related works,it should be important aspects of prevention and control of vaccinia virus laboratory-acquired infections with the strict compliance with the operating requirements of the biosafety,by strengthening personal protection and timely taking emergency measures when unforeseen circumstances occur,as well as providing the research background information to doctors.%目的 通过分析文献报道的痘苗病毒实验室感染病例状况与特征,为预防和控制我国痘苗病毒实验室获得性感染提供相关建议与措施.方法 选择PubMed、Embase、Biosis以及涵盖SCIE、SSCI、CPCI-S和CPCI-SSH的Web of Science作为数据源,检索痘苗病毒实验室获得性感染文献,对获取病例资料从是否接种疫苗、症状出现时间、发病部位、症状特征、发生原因等方面信息进行分析.结果 52％病例从未接种过疫苗,82.4％病例在从事痘苗病毒相关研究10年内未接种过疫苗,52.9％病例是在进行动物实验过程中意外针刺手部而导致感染,70.6％病例感染部位发生在手部,暴露后平均5.1天出现感染症状.结论 虽然在开展痘苗病毒相关研究工作之前是否接种疫苗还存在争议,但严格遵守生物安全操作要求,加强个人防护,出现意外情况后立即采取现场应急措施,及时就诊并向医生提供研究背景信息应是预防和控制痘苗病毒实验室获得性感染的重要方面.