肥皂水对狂犬病病毒灭活作用的研究

摘要

Objective To investigate the inactivating effect of soap solution on rabies virus and to explore the concentration of soap solutions which could be effective in post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) of rabies virus infection.Methods The BSR and N2a cells were respectively infected by the mixture of different concentrations of soap solution and rabies virus CVS-11.Based on the direct immunofluorescent method (DFA) and reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR),the inactivating effects of soap solutions on rabies viruse in BSR and N2a cells were detected,respectively.Results This experiment established the BSR or N2a cells model in 24 well cell culture plates,and we found that the upper limit of soap solution concentration which BSR or N2a cells could tolerate was 1％.The inhibitory effect test of different soap solution on rabies virus showed that the 0.5％ concentration of soap solution could completely inhibit the survival of CVS-11 strain in both the BSR and N2a cells,but the 0.1％ concentration of soap solution could not inhibit the rabies viruses completely.Conclusions The 0.5％-1％ concentration of soap solutions could inhibit the survival of CVS-1 1 strain in three minutes in vivo experiment.%目的 为考察肥皂水对狂犬病病毒的灭活作用,探讨狂犬病暴露后处置中冲洗伤口推荐使用肥皂水的浓度.方法 用不同浓度肥皂水与狂犬病病毒CVS-11混合作用后,分别感染BSR和N2a细胞,通过直接免疫荧光(DFA)和逆转录PCR(RT-PCR)的方法检测不同浓度肥皂水对狂犬病病毒的灭活效力.结果 在24孔板培养细胞为基础的模型中,确定了BSR和N2a细胞所能承受的肥皂水浓度上限为1.0％;不同浓度肥皂水对狂犬病病毒的灭活试验结果显示,终浓度为0.5％的肥皂水作用BSR或N2a细胞3 min后可完全灭活狂犬病病毒,使其丧失感染细胞的能力,而浓度为0.1％的肥皂水不能完全抑制狂犬病病毒的存活.结论 使用浓度为0.5％～1.0％的肥皂水与狂犬病病毒CVS-11混合作用3 min后能使其完全灭活.