目的 了解农民工群体的生活质量及相关影响因素.方法 采用立意抽样的方法抽取湖北省部分乡镇农民工529人,机关工作人员326人作为对照,以群体调查的方式收集资料.农民工生活质量各维度与中国常模比较用t检验;生活质量测量工具为SF-36生活质量量表,采用广义线性回归模型和结构方程模型对生活质量相关影响因素进行分析.结果 湖北省农民工人群生活质量与常模(杭州市区居民)比较,差异有统计学意义(P值均＜0.0001);排除混杂因素的影响后,农民工的生活质量比机关工作人员差(生理职能:P＜0.05,躯体疼痛:P＜0.05,精力:P＜0.05);影响生活质量的因素有年龄(B=-0.33)、性别(B=-0.07)、婚姻状况(B=-0.10)、睡眠状况(B=-0.16)、疲劳状况(B=-0.12)、生活方式(B=-0.05)和社会地位(B=0.93).结论 农民工生活质量比机关工作人员差,生活质量的主要影响因素有年龄、性别、婚姻状况、疲劳、睡眠、生活方式、社会地位.降低工作强度,合理的工作与生活方式,是提高农民工人群生活质量的关键.%Objective The aim of the study was to understand the quality of life and the related factors of farmer workers in the countryside of Hubei province. Methods Purposive sampling was used to select 529 farmer workers and another 326 government workers were served as controls.'Group investigation' method was used in this study, t-test was used to compare the quality of life among farmer workers and the Chinese norm. SF-36 was used to measure the quality of life. Generalized linear regression model(GLM)and structural equation model(SEM)were applied to test the related factors. Results Quality of life among farmer workers in Hubei was significantly different from the norm of residents in Hangzhou. The quality of life among migrant workers was significantly lower than the government staff(PRP＜0.05, PBP＜0.05, PVT＜0.05)after controlling the confounding factors. Factors as age(B=-0.33), sex(B=-0.07), marital status(B=-0.10),sleeping habits(B=-0.16), fatigue(B=-0.12), life style(B=-0.05)and social status(B=0.93)etc. were related to the quality of life. Conclusion The quality of life among farmer workers was poor, and mainly affected by age, sex, marital status, sleeping habits, fatigue, lifestyle and social status. It is important to reduce the work load and making the work status and life style reasonable to better the quality of life among the farmer workers.
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