云南省德宏傣族景颇族自治州2015年新报告缅甸籍HIV感染者高危行为调查

摘要

Objective To study the AIDS-related socio-demographic characteristics and high risk behaviors of Burmese HIV-infected individuals,in Dehong prefecture,Yunnan province.Methods A cross-sectional study with questionnaire interview,was conducted.Results Features of the 489 HIV-infected individuals appearfed as:367(75.1％) males,407(83.2％) illiterate or with primary education,371(75.9％) from Kachin State or Shan State,306(62.6％) visited Dehong twice or more per year,238(48.7％) entered Dehong illegally,339(69.3％) came to the city looking for jobs or working on cargo transportation,309(63.2％) of them living in working place/ rented house/own house,and 313(64.0％) with the length of stay shorter than six months.Only 36(7.4％) of the interviewees were aware of their HIV sero-positive status,with 23.3％ of them (113/485) reported having had unprotected sex experiences in Dehong.Results from the multivariate logistic regression model analysis showed that HIV-infected individuals with the following characteristics:having spouses/regular sexual partners (OR=12.98,95％CI:6.53-25.83,P＜0.001),living in working place (OR=2.88,95％CI:1.09-7.61,P=0.033),living in rented houses (OR=5.36,95％CI:1.94-14.84,P=0.001).Those living in their own houses (OR=5.14,95％CI:1.36-19.35,P=0.016) were more likely to engage in unprotected sex.32.0％ (156/487) of the interviewees clained that they ever used drugs in Dehong,with 9.7％ (47/487) of them sharing syringe.Data also showed that HIV-infected individuals who had the following feartures as:being male (OR=15.61,95％ CI:6.47-37.69,P＜ 0.001),illiterate (OR=2.89,95％CI:1.44-5.84,P=0.003),coming from Kachin State (OR=3.01,95％ CI:1.50-6.04,P=0.002) or Shan State (OR=5.30,95％ CI:2.66-10.58,P＜0.001),illegal visiters (OR =1.93,95％ CI:1.18-3.14,P=0.009),living with friends/relatives (OR=5.78,95％ CI:2.01-16.61,P=0.001),living in working place (OR=6.67,95％ CI:3.06-14.53,P＜0.001),or in rented houses (OR=11.84,95％CI:4.76-29.47,P＜0.001).The ones who were living in their own houses (OR=6.77,95％CI:1.84-24.85,P=0.004) were more likely to engage in drug use in Dehong.Conclusion Results from our study showed that the Burmese HIV-infected citizens in Dehong prefecture had the following characteristics:high mobility,low awareness of HIV positive status and high prevalence of AIDS-related risky behaviors.These findings called for greater efforts on HIV/ AIDS prevention and management in Dehong city.%目的 了解云南省德宏傣族景颇族自治州(德宏州)缅甸籍HIV感染者相关人口统计学与高危行为特征.方法 以德宏州2015年新报告的缅甸籍感染者为研究对象,开展横断面调查,收集其入境德宏地区的目的、住宿地点、停留时间等社会人口统计学信息以及艾滋病高危行为发生情况.结果 共调查489例缅甸籍感染者,其中男性367例(75.1％);初中以下文化程度者407例(83.2％);371例(75.9％)来自与德宏州相邻的克钦邦和掸邦;339例(69.3％)为务工/经商进入德宏州.23.3％(113/485)的感染者存在无保护性行为,多因素logistic回归分析显示,感染者发生无保护性行为的危险因素包括有配偶/固定性伴(OR=12.98,95％CI:6.53～25.83,P＜0.001),居住在打工场所(OR=2.88,95％CI:1.09～7.61,P=0.033)、出租屋(OR=5.36,95％CI:1.94 ～ 14.84,P=0.001)和自己家(OR=5.14,95％CI:1.36 ～ 19.35,P=0.016).32.0％(156/487)的感染者有吸毒行为,多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,感染者发生吸毒行为的危险因素包括男性(OR=15.61,95％CI:6.47～37.69,P＜0.001),文盲(OR=2.89,95％CI:1.44～5.84,P=0.003),来自克钦邦(OR=3.01,95％ CI:1.50～6.04,P=0.002)、掸邦(OR=5.30,95％ CI:2.66～10.58,P＜0.001),经便道/其他方式入境(OR=1.93,95％CI:1.18～3.14,P=0.009),居住在亲友家(OR=5.78,95％CI:2.01～16.61,P=0.001)、打工场所(OR=6.67,95％CI:3.06～14.53,P＜0.001)、出租屋(OR=11.84,95％CI:4.76～29.47,P＜0.001)、自己家(OR=6.77,95％CI:1.84～24.85,P=0.004).结论 德宏州内缅甸籍HIV感染者流动性大,感染状态知晓比例低而艾滋病相关高危行为发生率较高,给德宏州艾滋病防治工作带来巨大挑战,相关机构需积极探索有效的随访管理办法.