Every influenza pandemic in history would end up with disastrous outcomes on mankind,of which the most notorious one was the "Spanish flu" pandemic in 1918.In the past century,with advanced knowledge on influenza viruses,laboratory technologies and surveillance methods,human beings were not as helpless when facing the influenza pandemic.In order to control the outbreaks and reducing the negative impacts,programs as:setting up and improving the influenza pandemic preparedness and response plan were recognized as important issues on early detection or prompt warning of any influenza virus strain that might lead to potential pandemics.The scheduled and planned control measures towards the pandemic preparedness and response plan had been considered of key importance in mitigating the peak of pandemic or controlling the transmission of virus.Since the "1918 influenza pandemic",we had reviewed the evolution and development of plans regarding the preparedness and response on influenza pandemic issued by both WHO and China.We also emphasized on the variety of strategies which were linked to the preparedness and response at different historical stages,to provide reference for the pandemic preparedness of the disease,in the future.%历史上流感的每次大流行都给人类带来灾难,其中以1918年“西班牙流感”大流行最为严重.近100年来,随着对流感病毒了解的不断深入,以及检测技术的长足发展和监测手段的逐步丰富,人类面对流感大流行并非如前般无所适从.为努力延缓和降低其危害,人们希望通过不断完善应对准备工作,以期实现早期预警或尽早发现具备大流行潜能的流感病毒,以及在大流行期间,通过实施应对准备计划中相应的防控措施,延缓高峰出现和控制疫情流行,从而达到降低影响的目的.本文回顾了百年来WHO和中国的流感大流行应对准备工作的策略、重点及其随时间的演变与发展进程,以温故而知新,为今后不断完善流感大流行应对准备工作提供参考.
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