CNTs/KCIO4复合材料的形貌特征及热行为

摘要

为有效避免点火药中纳米级氧化剂颗粒的团聚,进一步提高点传火稳定性,通过NH4CIO4溶液和KOH溶液的复分解反应制备了碳纳米管/高氯酸钾( CNTs/KCIO4)复合材料.用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、差热分析(DSC)和比表面积(SSA)分析研究了CNTs/KCIO4复合材料的形貌特征及热行为.结果表明:用这种方法制备的KCIO4能有效涂敷在碳纳米管上.与纯CNTs相比,负载KCIO4的碳纳米管管径明显增粗,CNTs/KCIO4复合材料的比表面积降低了40.719 m2·g-1.与KCIO4相比,CNTs/KCIO4复合材料的热分解温度前移了75℃,晶型转变峰温前移了5℃.与以KCIO4为原料制备的Mo/KCIO4点火药相比,以CNTs/KCIO4复合材料为原料制备的Mo/KCIO4点火药的热导率提高了33.9％.%The carbon nano-tubes/potassium perchlorate (CNTs/KCIO4) composite was prepared via a double decomposition reaction of NH4CIO4 solution and KOH solution in the presence of carbon nano-tubes. Morphology character and thermal behavior of the composite were studied by scanning electron microscope ( SEM ), transmission electron microscope (TEM ), differential scanning calorimeter ( DSC) and specific surface area (SSA) analyses. Results show that KCIO4 prepared by this method is coated on the surface of CNTs effectively. In comparion with pure CNTs, the diameter of CNTs supporting KCIO4 increases significantly and the SSA of the CNTs/KCIO4 composite decreases by 40. 719 m2 · G-1. In comparion with KCIO4, the thermal decomposition temperature of the composite decreases by 75 X. And crystal transformation peak temperature decrease by 5 ℃. In comparion with Mo/KCIO4, the thermal conductivity of Mo/KCIO4 ignition composition prepared by CNTs/KCIO4 increases by 33.9%.