微型爆炸网络用DNTF/HMX基传爆药研究

摘要

In order to make the explosive charged in explosion network meet the charge uniformity, low detonation velocity dispersion requirement and at the same time achieve the high detonation velocity, high security, explosion detonation in groove of small size, 3,4-dinitrofurazanfuro xan(DNTF) and HMX were chosen as the main explosive, GAP as the binder polymer, together with the other additives.A kind of booster formula was successful designed suitable for network booster and it was charged into the explosion network of microsize.The particle size and morphology of the DNTF and HMX was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM).X-ray diffraction (XRD) was utilized to test the crystal.The booster charging surface were tested and observed by SEM and the detonation performance, impact sensitivity, shock sensitivity and detonation velocity were tested afterwards.The results showed that when the solid content was of 85%, the viscosity of the booster slurry can meet the requirements of charging process.After curing process the surface of booster was smooth with uniform particle distribution.The crystal of the two kinds of explosives was not changed and the density of booster charging in the groove was up to more than 1.6 g·cm-3 (92% of theoretical density).Under this density of booster charging, the critical dimension of linear detonation is 0.6 mm×0.6 mm, the detonation velocity in 0.8 mm×0.8 mm groove was 7558 m·s-1 and the velocity range was 29 m·s-1.The impact sensitivity of the DNTF/HMX based booster explosive characteristic height (H50) was 45.2 cm (5.0 kg hammer), the thickness of small scale gap was 8.74 mm in the shock sensitivity test.%为了使爆炸网络装药在实现高爆速、高安全和小临界尺寸传爆的同时满足装药均匀性好、爆速极差小的要求,以3,4-二硝基呋咱基氧化呋咱(DNTF)和奥克托今(HMX)为主体炸药,以含能聚合物聚叠氮基缩水甘油醚(GAP)为粘结剂,配以其它助剂,设计出一种适用于微小尺寸爆炸网络的DNTF/HMX基传爆药配方,并采用微注射工艺将其装入到微型爆炸网络沟槽中.采用扫描电镜(SEM)表征了主体炸药颗粒粒径和形貌并观察和测试了装药表面;采用X射线衍射仪(XRD)测试了主体炸药和装药后炸药的晶型;采用直线传爆临界尺寸实验测试了传爆性能;采用撞击感度与冲击波感度实验测试了配方的安全性能.结果表明: 配方的炸药组分固含量为85%,固化成型后装药表面平整,颗粒分布均匀,炸药晶型未发生变化,沟槽中装药密度可达1.6 g·cm-3(理论密度的92%)以上.在此装药密度下,该配方的直线传爆临界尺寸为0.6 mm×0.6 mm,在0.8 mm×0.8 mm的沟槽中爆速为7558 m·s-1,爆速极差为29 m·s-1;撞击感度特性落高为45.2 cm(5.0 kg落锤),冲击波安全性试验小隔板厚度值为8.74 mm.