目的 了解哈尔滨市实施全民食盐加碘(USI)干预措施以及2000年实现消除碘缺乏病阶段目标后的病情消长趋势、防治现状和2010年持续消除碘缺乏病目标进程.方法 2004-2006年抽取哈尔滨市所辖8区、10县(市)中的4区、5县(市).以区、县(市)为单位抽取当地政府所在地的1所小学和距离当地政府所在地较远的偏远乡(镇)的1所小学,每所小学再随机抽取30～35名8～10岁儿童进行盐碘、尿碘、甲状腺肿大(简称甲肿)情况和碘缺乏病知识了解情况调查.结果 哈尔滨市盐碘中位数为32.1 mg/kg,碘盐合格率为96.3%,合格碘盐食用率为90.9%,碘盐覆盖率为94.4%,非碘盐率为5.6%;8～10岁儿童尿碘中位数为205.0μg/L,触诊法甲肿率为5.1%(30/585);碘缺乏病知识问卷调查合格率为98.3%(575/585).结论 哈尔滨市居民食用碘盐各项指标及8～10岁儿童尿碘中位数达到国家消除碘缺乏病标准,8～10岁儿童触诊甲肿率没有达到消除碘缺乏病标准.深入持久地开展碘缺乏病监测,保证居民食用合格碘盐,仍是需要长期坚持的工作.%Objective To explore the prevalence of iodine deficiency disorders(IDD),the current situation of IDD prevention and control,and the step in the process of eliminating IDD in 2010 after universal salt iodination (USI)was carried out in Harbin.Method Four regions and 5 counties were selected from 8 regions and ten counties in 2004-2006.From each region or county,one school located nearby or far away from the local govemment was chosen to randomly select 30～35 children aged 8～10 years old,whose salt iodine contents,level of urine iodine,goiter and the knowledge of IDD were checked,as a result 585 children were detected all together.Result The salt iodine median was 32.1 mg/kg in Harbin.The rate of qualified iodized salt was 96.3%and the rate of consuming qualified iodized salt reached 90.9%.The corered rate of iodized salt was,94.4%and noniodized salt rate 5.6%.The median of urine iodine of children aged 8～10 years old wag 205.0μg/L.The goiter rate of the children wag 5.1%(30/585)in Harbin,which still did not meet t}le country's standard of eliminating IDD.The qualified rate of knowledge of IDD was 98.3%(575/585).Conclusions The rate of consuming qualified iodized salt and the median of urine iodine of children aged 8～10 years old meet the country's standard of eliminating IDD.But the goiter rate of the children does not meet the standard.Prolonged survey on IDD and guarantee of the use of iodized salt will take a long-time effort.
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