Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of hospital emergency cases, and to provide objective information on the development of emergency department. Methods Clinical data such as patients'gender, age, etio logy, month, etc of cases from 2006 to 2010 were collected and disease cluster analysis software was used. Results ( 1 )The top three emergency medical diseases were respiratory diseases ( 10 743 cases, 40. 19% ), cardiovascular diseases ( 8376 cases, 31. 32% ), nervous system diseases ( 2817 cases, 10. 53% ). ( 2 ) Male ( 16 561 cases, 61. 92% ) vs. Female ( 10 184 cases, 38. 08% ) patients ratio of emergency medical was 1.6: 1, male patients with age 61 and more, female patients with age71 and more are the most larger group of patients. ( 3 )August ( 2521 cases, 9. 43% ) and January ( 2505, 9. 37% ) are the months with most patient visits and October with least patients visit ( 1740 cases, 6. 51% ). Conclusion According to the characteristics of emergency patients, a reasonable allocation of resources need to be arranged for emergency cases.%目的 了解医院急诊内科流行病学特征,为急诊科发展提供客观资料.方法 应用病种软划分聚类分析和病种病例均值偏离度分析方法,回顾性分析2006-2010年急诊内科就诊的26 745例患者的性别、年龄、病因、月份等临床资料.结果 (1)急诊内科病种排在前3位的分别是呼吸系统疾病10 743例(40.17%)、心血管疾病8376例(31.32%)、神经系统疾病2817例(10.53%).(2)急诊内科就诊的男性患者16 561例,占61.92%,女性患者10 184例,占38.08%,男女比例为1.6︰1,男性以61～岁年龄段最多,女性以71~年龄段最多.(3)急诊内科全年以8月和1月份就诊最多,分别为2521例(9.43%)和2505例(9.37%),10月份就诊最少,为1740例(6.51%).结论 急诊患者病种、性别、年龄及月份分布均有一定特点,应合理地进行急诊资源的配置.
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