Objective To observe the effect of rituximab in the treatment of patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and its effect on the level of humoral immunity.Methods Seventy-eight cases of patients with B cell lymphoma were select-ed, which were treated in hospital from February 2012 to February 2016, and were divided into the study group (39 cases) and control group (39 cases).The patients of control group were treated with CHOP regimen of cyclophosphamide 750 mg/m2+vincristine 1.4 mg/m2 +epirubicin 60 mg/m2 , intravenous infusion 3 times /d, and oral prednisone tablets 100 mg/d. On the basis of the control group, the patients of observation group were treated with rituximab injection (375 mg/m2 ,intrave-nous infusion) .A course of two groups were 21 days, and they were all treated with six courses.Compare the clinic results, adverse events;follow up survival and after chemotherapy, changes of the levels of serum immunoglobulins, complement of two groups.Results The patients of the study group got a total efficiency of 64.1%, which was significantly better than the 41.0%of the control group (χ2 =4.165, P =0.041);In terms of IgG, IgM, IgA, there was no significantly difference be-tween the two groups ( t =0.167, t =0.395, t =0.384, P =0.434, P =0.347, P =0.351);The levels of C3, C4 of the study group were significantly less than those of the control group ( t =4.929, t =5.295, P =0.000, P =0.000);There were leukopenia, nausea, vomiting, liver damage, hair loss, bone marrow suppression, anemia, thrombocytopenia and other symptoms occurred in patients of all two groups during treatment, and there was no significantly difference between the two groups ( P >0.05); All patients were followed up 1 to 36 months, with a median follow up time of 19.7 months after chemotherapy;The patients of the study group got a 3 year survival of 39.4%, and the control group got a 3 year survival of 36.2%, there was no significantly difference between the two groups (χ2 =0.218, P =0.642).Conclusion With treating patients with lymphoma, rituximab combined with CHOP can obtain significant clinical efficacy, and it is safety and have a certain effect on serum immunoglobulin and complement.%目的：观察利妥昔单抗用于非霍奇金淋巴瘤患者的治疗效果及其对体液免疫水平的影响。方法选取2012年2月—2016年2月湖北省恩施州中心医院血液科诊治B细胞非霍奇金淋巴瘤患者78例作为研究对象，按照随机数字表法分为对照组和研究组各39例。对照组采用CHOP方案：环磷酰胺750 mg／m2＋长春新碱1．4 mg／m2＋表柔比星60 mg／m2静脉滴注，3次／d；同时口服泼尼松片100 mg／d；研究组在对照组CHOP方案治疗基础上联合应用利妥昔单抗注射液375 mg／m2静脉滴注。2组患者21 d为1个疗程，连续治疗6个周期。比较2组患者的临床疗效、血清免疫球蛋白、补体水平、不良反应及化疗后随访生存情况。结果研究组总有效率为64．1％，显著高于对照组41．0％，差异有统计学意义（χ2＝4．165， P ＝0．041）；与治疗前比较，化疗后2组免疫球蛋白IgG、IgM、IgA水平无明显变化（ P﹥0．05），而补体C3、C4水平均明显降低（ t 对照组＝4．171、4．577， t 研究组＝8．973、8．612， P ＝0．434、0．347、0．351、0．000、0．000），且研究组降低程度较对照组更显著（ t ＝4．929、5．295， P ＜0．05）；2组患者在白细胞减少、恶心呕吐、肝功能损害、脱发、骨髓抑制、血小板减少及贫血等不良反应发生方面比较，差异无统计学意义（P均＞0．05）；2组患者化疗后随访1～36个月，中位数19．7个月；研究组3年生存率为39．4％，对照组3年生存率为36．2％，2组间比较差异无统计学意义（χ2＝0．218， P ＝0．642）。结论利妥昔单抗联合CHOP方案治疗淋巴瘤疗效显著，对血清免疫球蛋白及补体有一定影响。
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