新疆地区维吾尔族、汉族、哈萨克族ABO血型与冠心病相关性分析

摘要

Objective To investigate the correlation between ABO blood type and coronary heart disease in Uygur, Han and Kazakh in Xinjiang. Methods One thousand seven hundred and forty patients who were diagnosed as coronary heart disease in the heart center of the first affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University from January 2014 to December 2017 were selected as coronary heart disease group. Meanwhile,1 536 patients who were treated in other departments of the same hospital during the same period without cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases and complete medical history data were se-lected as the control group. Coronary heart disease group and control group were tested in blood transfusion laboratory of our hospital and recorded by computer. A retrospective case control study was conducted to explore the relationship between ABO blood type and coronary heart disease and its mechanism. Results Family history of coronary heart disease, smoking history and past history (hypertension and /or diabetes) were higher in coronary heart disease group than those in control group. The population of O blood group was less than that of the control group. The number of patients with type A, B and AB were more than those of the control group (P＜0. 05). In coronary heart disease group,the distribution of ABO blood type was B＞A＞O＞AB in Uygur and Han nationality,but A＞O＞B＞AB in Kazakh nationality. Analysis of the relationship between ABO blood group and coronary heart disease showed that patients with non O blood type were more susceptible to coronary heart dis-ease than those with O blood type. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that B blood type was a risk factor for coronary heart disease. The relationship between ABO blood type and coronary heart disease is mediated by total cho-lesterol,low density lipoprotein and non-high density lipoprotein as intermediary factors. Conclusion There is a high correla-tion between the ABO blood type in Uygur, Han and Kazakh populations and the prevalence of coronary heart disease. B blood type is a risk fator of coronary heart disease for Uygur and Han nationality,A blood type is a risk factor of coronary heart dis-ease for Kazakh nationality.%目的 探究新疆地区维吾尔族、汉族、哈萨克族冠心病与ABO血型之间的相关性及其可能机制.方法 选取2014年1月—2017年12月新疆医科大学第一附属医院心内科住院治疗并明确诊断为冠心病的患者1 740例作为冠心病组,并选择同期在医院其他科室就诊的患者1 536例为对照组,均未合并心脑血管疾病、病史资料完整,与冠心病组性别、年龄、民族、居住地完全匹配,2组患者均在医院实验室进行血型鉴定试验及血脂水平检测,包括总胆固醇(TC)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、非高密度脂蛋白胆固醇( NHDL-C).对ABO血型与冠心病之间的相关性及其机制进行探索.结果 冠心病组冠心病家族史、吸烟史、既往史(合并高血压和/或糖尿病)比例高于对照组,O血型人群比例少于对照组,而A血型、B血型比例均多于对照组(P均＜0. 05);冠心病组ABO血型分布在维吾尔族和汉族患者中为B＞A＞O＞AB,而在哈萨克族中则为A＞O＞B＞AB. ABO血型与冠心病的关系分析显示,非O血型者均较O血型者更易患冠心病;冠心病发生的血型单因素和多因素Logistic回归分析均显示,B血型是冠心病的危险因素;TC、LDL-C、NHDL-C等作为中介因素介导着ABO血型与冠心病之间的关系.结论 新疆地区维吾尔族、汉族、哈萨克族人群ABO血型与冠心病患病率之间存在高度的相关性. B型血是维吾尔族和汉族冠心病发生的危险因素, A型血是哈萨克族冠心病发生的危险因素.