Objective To evaluate the relationship between sarcopenia and the incidence of fall in elderly,with a systematic review of advanced nutritional and physical interventions studies.Methods A systematic review of randomized controlled trails (RCTs) and cohort studies was conducted.All published literature related to the sarcopenia,falls,and nutritional,physical interventions in the elderly were searched both in Chinese and English databases including Wanfang Database,CBM/SinoMed,PubMed,EMBASE,and Cochrane Library from January 1987 to January 2017 based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria.According to the standard procedure of systematic review,all selected articles were evaluated and graded by two researchers independently by using Jadad scale or Newcastle-Ottawa scale.Results A total of 168 articles were found,of which 11 (4 RCTs and 7 cohort studies) met the inclusion criteria.It was found that sarcopenia was an independent risk factor for fall among the elderly.Early prevention,accurate identification,and timely nutrition and physical interventions on the sarcopenia were the critical factors for reducing the incidence of accidental falls and fractures in the elderly,which helped to greatly reduce the health care expenditures and improve clinical outcomes and the quality of life.Conclusion Elderly should be screened early for sarcopenia,and nutrition and physical interventions should be applied to improve clinical outcomes and reduce health care costs.%目的 探讨老年人肌肉衰减症和跌倒发生率之间的关系,对营养和运动干预相关研究系统综述,为肌肉衰减症的营养和运动干预以降低老年人跌倒发生率、减少相关医疗费用提供参考.方法 计算机检索自1987年1月至2017年1月Pubmed、EMBASE、Cochrane图书馆、中国生物医学文献数据库(CBM/SinoMed)及万方数据库等中英文数据库中关于老年人肌肉衰减症和跌倒发生率之间关系,以及营养和运动干预影响的相关文献.根据纳入及排除标准对检索文献进行筛选.依据系统评价标准程序,由双人采用Jadad量表或Newcastle-Ottawa量表独立进行文献质量的评估和分级.结果 共检索到168篇文献,经筛选后共1 1篇符合纳入及排除标准,包括4篇随机对照研究和7篇队列研究.提示肌肉衰减症是老年人发生跌倒的独立危险因素.早期预防、准确识别并及时进行营养和运动干预,是降低老年肌肉衰减症患者意外跌倒、骨折发生率的关键性措施,同时可显著降低医疗成本,改善临床结局,提高老年人生活质量.结论 对老年人应进行早期肌肉衰减症的筛查及营养和运动的干预,以改善临床结局,并降低医疗费用.
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