复合手术治疗颅内复杂破裂动脉瘤的效果分析

摘要

Objective To investigate the safety and short-term effectiveness of the hybrid operation for the treatment of intracranial complex ruptured aneurysms.Methods From December 2014 to March 2017,14 consecutive patients with complex ruptured aneurysm treated with hybrid operation at the Department of Neurosurgery,Nanfang Hospital,Southern Medical University were enrolled retrospectively,including 13 with acute spontaneous aneurismal subarachnoid hemorrhage and 1 with hemorrhage in the recurrent aneurysm embolization.Twelve aneurysms were treated with shape clipping.Digital subtraction angiography (DSA) was used to evaluate the clipping effect of aneurysms.Two patients with aneurysm were treated with extracranial-intracranial (EC-IC) bypass and aneurysm trapping.Endovascular balloon occlusion for trapping aneurysms was performed after DSA evaluation of the patency of bridge vessel.Results Of the 14 patients,11 were treated with emergency hybrid operation after angiography,2 were treated with elective surgery,and 1 with emergency surgery for rescue because of bleeding during embolization.DSA revealed that the aneurysm clips in 3 of 12 patients needed to be adjusted,including 2 parent artery stenosis and 1 with incomplete clipping.After adjustment,the clipping was satisfactory.In intracranial and extracranial bypass surgery,angiography revealed that the blood vessels were patent.Trapping of the aneurysms was performed in the one-stage operation.One patient discharged voluntarily after procedure because of serious vasospasm.Onepatient had perfusion pressure breakthrough after surgery and received hematoma evacuation and decompression.The Glasgow outcome scale (GOS) score was 3 at discharge.Other patients had no new neurological dysfunction after operation.Thirteen patients were followed up for 3-24 months after operation.There were no new neurological dysfunction,including GOS 5 in 8 cases and 4 in 5 cases.Six patients underwent DSA examination,in 4 of them the aneurysm clipping did not show aneurysm recurrence,and the parent arteries were patent.Two patients treated with vascular bypass.There were no recurrence of aneurysms,and the parent arteries and anastomotic vessels were patent.Conclusion After preliminary observation,using hybrid operation for the treatment of complicated intracranial ruptured aneurysms was safe and effective.%目的 探讨应用复合手术治疗颅内复杂破裂动脉瘤的安全性及短期有效性.方法 回顾性连续纳入2014年12月至2017年3月南方医科大学南方医院神经外科行复合手术治疗的复杂破裂动脉瘤患者14例,其中急性自发性蛛网膜下腔出血性动脉瘤13例,复发动脉瘤栓塞术中出血1例.12例动脉瘤行塑形夹闭术,术中均行DSA造影评估动脉瘤夹闭效果.2例动脉瘤行颅内外血管旁路移植并动脉瘤孤立术,DSA造影评估桥血管通畅性后行血管内球囊闭塞术孤立动脉瘤.结果 14例患者,11例造影后急诊行复合手术,2例择期手术,1例栓塞术中出血急诊行抢救性手术.12例动脉瘤夹闭术中造影提示3例需要调整动脉瘤夹,其中2例载瘤动脉狭窄,1例夹闭不全,调整后均夹闭满意.2例颅内外血管旁路移植术中造影均通畅,一期行动脉瘤孤立术.术后1例患者因严重血管痉挛,自动出院.1例术后出现灌注压突破,行血肿清除并减压术,出院时格拉斯哥预后评分(GOS)3分.余患者术后均无新发神经功能障碍.对13例患者术后3～24个月行临床随访,均无新发神经功能障碍,GOS 5分8例,4分5例.6例患者行DSA复查,其中4例动脉瘤夹闭未见动脉瘤复发,载瘤动脉通畅;2例血管旁路移植动脉瘤无复发,载瘤动脉及吻合血管通畅.结论 初步观察,应用复合手术方式治疗颅内复杂破裂动脉瘤安全且有效.