Scar,either hypertrophic scar or keloid,is one of the most common complications due to proliferative disorder of fibrosis in the process of wound healing after burn injuries,trauma,and surgical operations.To repair the cosmetic and functional impairments caused by scars poses a great challenge to all the burn surgery workers.With the advances in both basic research and clinical treatment,the understanding of scar formation and the therapeutic strategies of scar have been improved significantly.However,the remaining problems are still outstanding.In this discussion,the advances and problems in the scientific research in this field,including genetic predisposition,candidate gene,dysfunction of fibroblasts,interaction between fibroblasts and keratinocytes,as well as animal models for hypertrophic scar and keloid were summarized.In addition,the progreses in the clinical therapies are also discussed,including pressure treatment,silicone gel sheeting,corticosteroids,laser,and other emerging treatment strategies.The understanding and treatment of scar will improve in the future with further deepening basic research and clinical trials with stricter standard of assessment.%瘢痕是皮肤烧(创)伤、手术后最常见的并发症之一,修复其导致的外观损害和功能障碍是烧伤科医师面临的最棘手问题之一.皮肤损伤及外科手术后瘢痕的总体发病率为40％～70％,烧伤患者的发病率可高达91％[1].不同国家增生性瘢痕的发病率差异明显,发达国家每年新增瘢痕病例约400万,发展中国家该数字更高[2];仅在美国,瘢痕治疗的费用每年就高达40亿美元[3].目前,随着手术方法及综合治疗手段的不断改进,瘢痕治疗已进入一个新阶段,但如何从根本上减轻甚至阻止瘢痕产生,仍是医学界面临的巨大挑战,需在基础研究以及临床治疗中进行更深入的探索.
展开▼
