组织工程化纳米细菌纤维素管体内生物相容性研究

摘要

This study is aimed to evaluate the biocompatibility of tissue-engineered tubular nanometer bacterial cellulose in vivo through the muscle implanting test. Red-tea fungus was used as the culturing strain and nanometer bacterial cellulose (BC) was produced through fermentation of tea. The BC membrane was made to be tubular and the ultra structure was observed with SEM. BC tube was implanted into thigh muscle of each rat, close to sciatic nerve. Six rats were picked randomly to make perfusions and obtain the materials for observation at 1、2、6 weeks, respectively. And macroscopic observation, histological and hematological investigation were conducted. SEM showed that BC had porous dictyo-structures through BC strips which intercrossed with each other. 1 week after post implanting, the materials were wrapped with thick connective tissues and adhered with the tissues nearby obviously. Under light microscope, many inflammatory cells, including a lot of neutrophils, some monocytes and leukomonocytes, were displayed, the muscle tissues nearby were also infiltrated mainly by neutrophils. 2 weeks post implanting, thickness of connective tissues were obviously shrink, inflammatory reaction around the materials and muscles was lessened. 6 weeks post implanting, the materials had a clear interface with their surroundings, but there were still thin connective tissues wrapped the materials. Inflammatory cells, mainly leukomonocytes, decreased obviously. The materials started to degradate. Detection of blood routine and serum biochemistry showed that there were no statistical significances between each time-spot and normal value of rats. In a short term observation, tissue-engineered tubular nanometer bacterial cellulose showed a good biocompatibility in vivo.%通过肌肉植入试验,初步探讨组织工程化纳米细菌纤维素管的体内生物相容性.利用茶水发酵法培养红茶菌,制备纳米细菌纤维素并使之成管,扫描电镜观察其表面结构.将消毒后的纤维素管植入大鼠大腿肌肉内贴近坐骨神经处,分别于第1、2、6周各随机抽取6只大鼠灌流固定、取材,做大体观察、组织学观察及血液学检查.扫描电镜观察显示,细菌纤维素管壁由细菌纤维素条相互交织,形成不规则的、疏松的网状或絮状多孔结构.材料植入后第1周,可见材料周围有较厚的结缔组织包裹,与周围组织粘连较明显,光镜下有较多的中性粒细胞和少量的单核细胞、淋巴细胞浸润,同时周围肌肉组织炎症细胞浸润明显,以中性粒细胞为主;植入后第2周结缔组织包裹明显缩小,管壁周围的炎性反应明显减轻,以中性粒细胞、淋巴细胞为主,周围肌肉组织的炎性反应亦明显减轻,同时偶可见嗜酸性粒细胞和巨噬细胞;植入后第6周,材料与周围组织分界清楚,仍然有结缔组织包裹,炎细胞数量明显减少,以淋巴细胞为主,周围肌肉组织未见明显炎症细胞浸润,同时材料开始轻度降解.血常规和血生化指标检测显示,各时间点与正常大鼠数据间的差异无统计学意义.组织工程化纳米细菌纤维素管在短期观察中,具有良好的体内生物相容性.