转cry1C,cry2A基因水稻对稻田浮游动物群落物种多样性的影响

摘要

转Bt基因水稻的非靶标效应一直以来都是人们关注的重点,为了解转Bt基因水稻对稻田浮游动物群落的安全性,本文以转cry1C基因水稻(T1C-19)、转cry2A基因水稻(T2A-1)及其非转基因亲本水稻明恢63(MH63)为材料,以浮游动物的种类和群落多样性为指标,研究并分析了转Bt基因水稻对稻田浮游动物群落物种多样性的影响.结果显示,水稻不同生长时期里稻田中浮游动物种类变化不明显,数量变化明显,Shannon-Wiener物种多样性指数和均匀性指数在拔节期达到最大值.另外由于孕穗期不得不施用农药防治蝗虫,导致孕穗期浮游动物的数量及物种多样性显著降低,并且在使用农药后,多样性指数和均匀性指数随着水稻的生长逐渐下降.但转Bt基因水稻对浮游动物种类和数量及群落物种多样性与对照非转基因水稻相比均无显著性差异.与施用农药对水体带来的负面影响相比,转Bt基因水稻对水体环境无负面影响.%In the current study,we investigated the potential effects of transgenic Bt rice on the zooplankton community in rice paddy fields.crylC transgenic rice (T1C-19),cry2A transgenic rice (T2A-1),and their non-transgenic parental rice Minghui63 (MH63) were evaluated for the zooplankton species and community diversity at different growing stages.The numbers of zooplankton fluctuated obviously in rice paddy fields at different growing stages,with the Shannon-Wiener diversity and evenness indexes reaching the highest levels at the elongation stage.During the booting stage,pesticides had to be used to control locust infestation,which caused the numbers of zooplankton,Shannon-Wiener diversity and evenness indexes to decline throughout the rest of the growing stages.However,no significant differences in the diversity and quantity of zooplankton species were found between fields planted with transgenic Bt rice and non-transgenic Bt rice at all growing stages.Our results show that the use of pesticides,but not the introduction ofBt gene,has negative effects on the zooplankton community in rice paddy fields.