湖州地区孝丰镇社区糖尿病患者家庭注射胰岛素的疗效以及注射技术存在的问题分析

摘要

目的 探讨湖州地区孝丰镇社区糖尿病患者家庭注射胰岛素的疗效以及注射技术存在的问题.方法 将2015年2月～2016年12月湖州地区孝丰镇社区内94例在家中注射胰岛素的糖尿病患者作为调查对象,3个月后,检查患者的空腹血糖(FPG)、餐后2 h血糖(2hPG)与糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)变化情况并以问卷调查方式了解患者在注射胰岛素过程中存在的问题.结果 注射3个月后,所有患者FPG、2 hPG与HbA1c均有所下降,差异具有统计学意义(P＜0.05);注射胰岛素部位有规律轮换71例(75.53),注射前采用酒精消毒82例(87.23%),注射时将皮肤捏起65例(69.15%),注射时进针角度90°有77例(81.91%),使用5 mm针头86例(91.49%),注射完成后针头停留于皮下10 s以上67例(71.28%),注射时出现出血、脂肪硬结与增生72例(76.60%);胰岛素针头一次性使用12例(12.77%),2~3天更换1次16例(17.02%),10天左右更换46例(48.94%),更换胰岛素时更换11例(11.70%),出现痛感后更换9例(9.57%).结论 糖尿病患者于家庭注射胰岛素疗效确切,但注射技术与注射卫生存在一定缺陷,因此医护人员需加强对家庭注射胰岛素患者的注射知识教育,从而规避风险.%Objective To investigate the efficacy of injecting insulin in family diabetes mellitus in Xiaofeng town community in Huzhou area and the problems of injection technique.Methods From February 2015 to December 2016, 94 patients with diabetes were injected with insulin in Xiaofeng town community in Huzhou area.From February 2015 to 3016, the fasting blood glucose(FPG), 2 h postprandial blood glucose 2hPG) and glycosylated hemoglobin(HbA1c), and to investigate the problems in the process of injecting insulin by questionnaire.Results After 3 months of injection, FPG, 2hPG and HbA1c were decreased in all patients(P<0.05).71 cases(75.53) were regularly rotated in the injection of insulin and 82 cases were alcoholic(81.9%), the use of 5 mm needle 86 cases(91.49%)[our hospital only 5 mm and 8 mm Needle, jurisdiction of the surrounding hospital needle is 6 mm.(76.20%), 12 cases(12.77%) of insulin needle, and 2 to 3 days of insulin needle(72.60%) were injected in the subcutaneous 10s(71.28%) after injection, 16 cases(17.2%) were replaced, 10 cases(48.94%) were replaced on the 10th day, and 11 cases(11.70%) were replaced when the insulin was replaced.9 cases(9.57%) were replaced after the pain.Conclusion Diabetic patients have definite therapeutic effect on insulin injection in family, but there are some defects in injection technique and injection hygiene.Therefore, health care workers need to strengthen their knowledge of injection of insulin injections in families.