Due to the high sensitivity, fast response, less sample usage, and simple operation, microelectrodes have attracted increasing attention in the fields of chemical analysis, biomedicine, food safety and environmental monitor recently.Given its high specific surface area, excellent electron mobility and good biocompatibility,graphene has shown a huge development potential in the field of electrochemical sensing.This review summarizes recent advances in the preparations and applications of graphene-based microelectrodes(including graphene modified microelectrode and graphene microelectrode) in sensing, such as the detection of heavy metal ions, dopamine, glucose, H2 O2 and other molecules.Simultaneously, the major problems and opportunities of these graphene-based microelectrodes in sensing for future development are also discussed.%微电极由于灵敏度高、响应快、样品用量少、操作简便等特点,近年来在化学分析、生物医学、食品安全、环境检测等领域引起人们的广泛关注.石墨烯具有超高的比表面积、优异的电子迁移率及良好的生物相容性等优点,近年来在电化学传感领域展示出巨大的发展前景.本文围绕石墨烯基微电极的制备及其在电化学传感中的应用展开,总结了近年来国内外同行基于石墨烯修饰微电极和石墨烯微电极在重金属离子、多巴胺、葡萄糖、H2O2等分子检测方面取得的研究成果.同时探讨了石墨烯基微电极在电化学传感方面面临的挑战和发展前景.
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