细菌Ⅱ型、Ⅲ型整合子在耐药性传播中的作用

摘要

整合子是可以定位于染色体、质粒或转座子上的可移动遗传元件,它可以通过位点特异性基因重组来捕获、整合或剪切基因盒,使耐药基因在细菌间进行水平转移,从而增强细菌的生存适应性.目前发现的整合子主要分为Ⅰ、Ⅱ和Ⅲ型,针对Ⅰ型整合子的研究已较广泛和深入,而对Ⅱ型和Ⅲ型整合子的研究并不多见,可能是因为它们在菌株中的存在并不常见.目前发现含有Ⅲ型整合子的菌种不足10种.尽管如此,Ⅱ型和Ⅲ型整合子在耐药性传播中起的作用却不可忽视.本文通过参考近几年来国内外相关文献,对报道的Ⅱ型和Ⅲ型整合子的结构以及它们在细菌耐药性传播中的作用进行综述.%The integron is a mobile genetic element which can be located on the chromosome,plasmid or transposon.It can capture,integrate or cut the gene cassette by site-specific gene recombination,so that the horizontal resistance gene transfer enhances bacterial survival adaptability.Class one integron is investigated more extensively,while research on class two or class three integrons is rare,probably due to their presence is not common.In particular,the class three integron is extremely rare,with fewer than ten reported cases.However,the roles of class two and three integrons in the spread of drug resistance cannot be ignored.In this paper,referring to the international related literatures in recent years,we provided a detailed overview for the molecular structures of class two and three integrons and their roles in the transmission of antimicrobial resistance.