裙带菜在斑节对虾幼虾饲料中的适宜添加量

摘要

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary wakame content on growth per-formance,body composition and immunity of juvenile Penaeus monodon,and to find out the optimal supple-mental level of dietary wakame. Seven experimental diets were formulated with 0( control),1%,2%,3%, 4%,5% and 6% wakame,respectively,and fed to 7 groups of juvenile Penaeus monodon with an initial body weight of(0.69±0.03)g for 56 days. Each group had 3 replicates and each replicate had 40 shrimps. The re-sults showed as follows:weight gain rate( WGR),specific growth rate( SGR),protein efficiency ratio (PER)and protein retention rate(PRR)were firstly increased and then decreased with dietary wakame con-tent increasing,and the maximum values of them were all found in 2% group. Feed conversion ratio( FCR) was firstly decreased and then increased with dietary wakame content increasing,and the minimum value of FCR was 1.13 when the dietary wakame content was 2%. The range of survival rate(SR)was 65% to 80%, and the maximum value of SR was found in 2% group,but no significant difference was observed in SR among all groups(P>0.05). Dietary wakame content had no significant effects on the contents of moisture and ash in whole body(P>0.05). Crude protein content in whole body in 3% group was significantly higher than that in control group and 1% group(P<0.05),and crude lipid content in whole body in 3% and 4% groups was sig-nificantly higher than that in other groups(P<0.05). No significant difference was found in serum total antioxi-dant capacity(T-AOC)among all groups(P>0.05). Serum superoxide dismutase(SOD)activity in control group was significantly lower than that in 6% group(P<0.05). Serum glutathione(GSH)content and gluta-thione peroxidase(GSH-Px)activity were firstly increased and then decreased with dietary wakame content in-creasing,and the maximum values of them were all found in 2% group. Analysis of quadratic regression model based on WGR and PRR,the optimal level of dietary wakame for juvenile Penaeus monodon is 2.17% and 2.87%,respectively.%本试验通过研究饲料中裙带菜含量对斑节对虾幼虾生长性能、体组成及免疫力的影响，旨在寻求斑节对虾幼虾饲料中裙带菜的适宜添加量。试验配制裙带菜含量分别为0（对照）、1％、2％、3％、4％、5％、6％的7种试验饲料，投喂初始体重为（0．69±0．03）g 的斑节对虾幼虾8周。每组3个重复，每个重复40尾对虾。结果表明：随着饲料中裙带菜含量的增加，增重率、特定生长率、蛋白质效率和蛋白质沉积率先升高后降低，均在2％组达到最大值。对虾的成活率在65％～80％，在2％组达到最大值，但各组间没有显著差异（P＞0．05）。饲料系数随着饲料中裙带菜含量的增加先降低后升高，在添加量为2％时最小，为1．13。饲料中裙带菜含量对全虾水分和粗灰分含量没有显著影响（P＞0．05）。3％组全虾粗蛋白质含量显著高于对照组和1％组（P＜0．05）；3％和4％组全虾粗脂肪含量显著高于其他各组（ P＜0．05）。饲料中裙带菜含量对肝胰腺总抗氧化能力没有显著影响（ P＞0．05）。对照组肝胰腺超氧化物歧化酶活性显著低于6％组（P＜0．05）。肝胰腺谷胱甘肽含量、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性随着饲料中裙带菜含量的增加先升高后降低，均在2％组达到最大值。依据增重率和蛋白质沉积率，通过二次回归模型分析得出斑节对虾幼虾饲料中裙带菜的适宜添加量分别为2．17％、2．87％。