副猪嗜血杆菌毒力因子的研究进展

摘要

目前预防和控制革拉斯氏病仍然非常困难，副猪嗜血杆菌是革拉斯氏病的病原菌，定殖于健康猪群的上呼吸道中。了解副猪嗜血杆菌的病原性对于确定其如何引起发病和更好的区分“毒力”和“非毒力”菌株是必要的。副猪嗜血杆菌感染需要粘附和入侵宿主细胞，抵抗巨噬细胞的吞噬，抵抗补体结合并诱发炎症反应。鉴定这些机制过程中的毒力因子在方法上受到一定的限制。关于副猪嗜血杆菌的发病机制的最新进展集中在突变株的构建，然而目前大多数的所谓的毒力因子需要进一步鉴定。%Haemophilus parasuis is the aetiological agent of Glässer’s disease. The pathogenicity of H. parasuis is poorly characterised, and prevention and control of Glässer’s disease continues to be challenging. Understanding the pathogenicity ofH. parasuis is essential for determining how this bacterium produces disease and to better distinguish between virulent and non-virulent strains.H. parasuisinfection requires adhesion to and invasion of host cells, resistance to phagocytosis by macrophages, resistance to serum complement and induction of inflammation. Identification of virulence factors involved in these mechanisms has been limited by difficulties in producing mutants in H. parasuis. Recent advances in understanding the pathogenesis ofH. parasuis are due in part to the production of deletion mutants, although most of the potential virulence factors described so far require further characterisation. Data supporting the role of lipooligosaccha-ride, capsule formation, porin proteins, cytolethal distending toxin and trimeric autotransporters (VtaA) among other molecules in the virulence of H.parasuis have been described. This review provides an overview of the current knowledge of virulence factors ofH. parasuis.