一种矫治替牙期骨Ⅲ类上颌卡环式牙合垫前牵引矫治器制作和疗效分析

摘要

Objective In order to correct the skeletal class III malocclusion in the mixed dentition, a ring shaped orthodontic splint traction appliance has been designed and analyzed. Methods 20 patients with skeletal class III malocclusion at the mixed dentition who had been selected in Department of orthodontics, Xi'an Jiaotong University stomatology hospital from 2008 to 2017, had been required to wear clasp type splint traction appliance for 10 months. Before and after treatment, measurement analysis had been made by using lateral cephalometric radiographs of the patients, and the paired t test through SPSS 20.0 statistical software. Results Clinical results of 20 patients showed that A-Np (mm), OB (mm) were significant(P<0.05). SNA (DEG), ANB (DEG), MxL (mm), Co-A (mm), Wit′ S (mm), LFH (mm), OJ (mm), surface angle (DEG), UL-E (mm) were very significant(P<0.01). Conclusion The authors present that a clasp type splint protraction appliance is simple, economical and practical; the patients with skeletal Class III malocclusion at mixed dentition have obvious curative effects, especially in the correction of maxillary deficiency, anterior teeth overbite and overjet increased, facial convexity improvement, jaw, face towards the normal development. But the lower facial height increased, showed high angle patients with caution.%目的:为矫治替牙期骨性Ⅲ类畸形患者设计一种卡环式牙合垫前牵引矫治器,并对其进行疗效分析.方法:从西安交通大学口腔医院2008年1月-2017年1月正畸科门诊采集20例替牙期骨性Ⅲ类畸形患者,由同一人制作的卡环式牙合垫前牵引矫治,矫治器佩戴10个月,将治疗前后患者的头颅定位侧位片分析法测量,再用SPSS 20.0统计软件进行配对t检验.结果:20例患者临床结果统计数据显示:A-Np(mm)、OB(mm)有显著统计学意义(P<0.05);SNA(°)、ANB(°)、MxL(mm)、Co-A(mm)、Wit′s(mm)、LFH(mm)、OJ(mm)、面突角(°)、UL-E(mm)有非常显著统计学意义(P<0.01).结论:笔者设计的该卡环式牙合垫前牵引矫治器,简单易做、经济实用;矫治替牙期骨性Ⅲ类畸形患者疗效显著,对上颌发育不足患者矫治效果良好,矫正后上颌骨长度加长、前牙覆牙合覆盖加大、上下颌位置正常、面凸度加大,牙合、颌、面趋向正常型发展,但下面高略有加大,高角型患者慎用.